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Mobile Information Architecture. Mobile Differences. Location? Everywhere Household Automobile Fieldwork Officework Purpose? Everything (Integrated Devices) Single Task (Appliances) Interface? Personalized Simplified Audio In Audio Out Modal Contextual. Mobile & You. Intimacy
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Mobile Differences • Location? • Everywhere • Household • Automobile • Fieldwork • Officework • Purpose? • Everything (Integrated Devices) • Single Task (Appliances) • Interface? • Personalized • Simplified • Audio In • Audio Out • Modal • Contextual
Mobile & You • Intimacy • Not just MyYahoo • My Device • Faceplates • Ringtones • Button Overlays • Ubiquity • Proximity • Interoperability • Connectivity (always on) • Content • Dynamic Streaming Data • Email – Voicemail – Pic mail • Web Data • Synchronization • New Designs and Functions
Mobile Functionality • Bandwidth • Wireless • Security • Financial Mgmt • Cryptography • Ubiquitous Computing • Privacy • Cultural • Adoption • Revolution • Locating and Relocating Information • Directions, Shopping Lists, Contacts
Mobile Tasks • Task-specific use that is very modal • How does this change design? • Navigate – Locate – Recognize – Act • Human Short Term Memory 7+/-2 • Unfamiliar Tasks & Cognitive Overload • Minimal Graphics (& Resolution) Affects Landmark Use • More Skimming, Information Lost • Task Focus Equalized Among Tasks • Leverage Existing Mental Models • Hierarchical Models • The Right Schema (Appearance)
Mobile Design vs IA • Most Guidelines are for Interfaces, Not Information (Architecture) • Not Just Less Information • Not Only Lists, but Structures • IA May Help More Than UI • Re-Think Web Design Ideas and Guidelines • “Web Browsing vs. Strategic Information Seeking” • Task-Specific • Look-Ups (Reminding and Refreshing) • Not Exhaustive Searches (Learning) • “Answer Clearly Articulated Questions” • On-Line Comprehension • Even Less on Handhelds (Note Cards?) • Context & Concise Information • Order of Problems & Tasks • Relative Semantic Representations of Information
Mobile IA • From Crumlish (Yahoo!) • Mobile is coming of age & affordability • Should work with your existing IA • Not the desktop anymore • The Mobile Web is Everywhere (Everyware?) • Asking questions with concrete goals • Less browsing, more personal context • Interface changes • Vertical lists (with # key equivalents) • Do we mean Web sites with mobile versions? • Or altogether new designs? • New IA & Content Management challenges • Google Mobile • Amazon Mobile
Mobile IA Redesigns • Smaller lists • Limit categories to 5 • Number key access * • Make thinks links as often as possible • Understand SmartPhone limits • Use (w)CSS effectively • Reduce content on each page • No sidebars • First try - a mobile sub-set site?
Mobile Web Strategies • How do you add value to lives with mobile technology? • Design for small PCs with functionality rather than phones • Why should it be mobile? • iSchool • Google Maps • Alamo Drafthouse • Paper prototyping & user evaluations on the spot • Usability testing for mobiles is still new • Lab testing often difficult past initial designs • IA Deliverables • Simple Site Maps • Heavy user scenarios • Icon & graphics design more important (if any)
Questions for Mobile IA work • How do you navigate with much less space? • Do all concepts/units of information have the same weight in all situations? • What does Web standard markup mean for mobiles? • Try it out: 1-800-GOOG-411
IA Re-Design • How would you re-design a site for Mobile? • iSchool Web page • Alamo Drafthouse • Google Maps • Sketch a design on a full page • Iterate and sketch on an index card • Repeat • Have a user scenario in mind
IA & Mobile for the Future • “Smart Mobs” – Howard Rheingold • “Contextual Computing” • Invisible Computer – Don Norman • Good Old-Fashioned Future - Bruce Sterling • Industrial Design • DoCoMo • Apple Knowledge Navigator • HP “Cooltown” • IBM Pervasive Computing • UbiComp • IEEE Spectrum • Japan