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Jehanne d’Arc

Jehanne d’Arc. La Pucelle. “One life is all we have and we live it as we believe in living it. But to sacrifice what you are and to live without belief, that is a fate more terrible than dying. ” -Jehanne d’Arc. Explored by Seraphine. Hundred Years War. English and French French Throne

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Jehanne d’Arc

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  1. Jehanne d’Arc La Pucelle “One life is all we have and we live it as we believe in living it. But to sacrifice what you are and to live without belief, that is a fate more terrible than dying. ” -Jehanne d’Arc Explored by Seraphine

  2. Hundred Years War • English and French • French Throne • Major Players • Armagnac – Count Bernard VII and Duke Charles of Orleans • Burgundians – Duke John the fearless • Charles Ponthieu (Dauphine) • English – King Henry V

  3. Joan Born January 6, circa 1412 in Domremy, France Parents were Jacques and Isabelle d’Arc Born the middle of 5 children Argumentative nature and incredible common sense. Very religious from an early age

  4. Began seeing visions at age 12 or 13 • Verbal and visible • St. Catherine of Alexandria, St. Margaret of Antioch, and Archangel Michael • Directed her religious life until age 16

  5. Charles of Ponthieu Based in the city of Bourges, surrounded No money, poorly equipped army, doubting his inheritance. Orleans under siege by English

  6. Joan goes nearby to ask permission to travel. • Denied • 3rd attempt successful • Dresses as a man for travel • Went to Chion through 375 miles of enemy territory • Meets with Charles • Myths and legends of meeting

  7. Tries to convinces Charles she’s divinely inspired • Sent to monastery • First ultimatum to the English • Suit of armor and battle standard • Sword

  8. Reformed the army Charles had acquired • Expelled prostitutes, banned swearing, confession a requirement • Volunteers began pouring in from the neighboring villages • La Hire

  9. Orleans • April 25 • Joan leads army • Headed for English-held church, St. Loup • Carried standard • asked again for English surrender • Took Bastille des Augustins and 2 towers • Wounded • Returned later at night

  10. Victory • Victory at Orleans led to increased support • Declared divinely inspired • Advised Charles • Travel to Reims to be crowned • In the middle of English-held lands

  11. Journey to the Crown • Prediction of Troyes • Ordered positioning of troops • Troyes surrendered • Followed by all other cities • Charles crowned July 17, 1429 • Family granted noble status

  12. Paris • Fighting on hold for weak truce • July 23, 1430 • Duke of Alencon and Joan head to retake Paris • Wounded • Charles orders retreat back to Reims BOOOOOOOOOO!

  13. Capture • Easter of 1431 voices warn Joan of capture • Before June 24 • May 23, Joan defends Compiègne • Bridge is raised behind her • Sold to English by Jean de Luxembourg • Did Charles try to get her back? • 4 campaigns to get her by La Hire

  14. Trial • February 21 – May 17 1431 • Pierre Cauchon (English) • All assessors were English supporters or threatened • Held in secular military prison • Continued to wear men’s clothing

  15. Trial • Court tried to manipulate Joan • When Joan was asked what dialect her Voice spoke:"A better than yours." and when asked if she believed in God:"Yes, better than you."  • "If I am not, may God put me there; and if I am, may God so keep me. I should be the saddest creature in the world if I knew I were not in His grace" • Questioned about religious knowledge, fairy tree and her visions • Quickly moved into a private hearing • Convicted with the charge of cross-dressing • Prison account of eyewitness • Declared a “Relapsed Heretic”

  16. Execution • Described by numerous eyewitness accounts • “The day when Joan was burned, the wood was got ready to burn her before the sermon was finished or the sentence had been pronounced. And no sooner the sentence uttered by the bishop, without any delay, she was taken to the fire, and I did not see that there was any sentence pronounced by the lay judge.” Maugier Leparmentier, Apparitor of the archiepiscopal court

  17. Execution • Tied to a pillar visible by the crowd in the marketplace of Rouen • Cried out for Jesus • Many English were afraid of damnation for her burning. • Joan was 19 years old

  18. Travels

  19. Appeal • After English were driven from France • Court deemed corrupt in 1456 • Joan described as a martyr • Declared “Venerable” in 1904 • “Blessed” in 1908 • Canonized in 1920

  20. Today • Joan’s image and story used for • Popular culture • Anime, television shows, movies, comic books • During WWII to encourage women to support • Stamps and posters

  21. Works Cited • Amiel, Louis-Felix. Etienne De Vignoles (mort En 1442), Dit Lahire. 1835. • Boutet De Monvel, Louis-Maurice. Joan of Arc Series (F) The Trial of Joan of Arc. 1911. William A. Clark Collection. • Cathedral at Reims, Reims. Personal photograph by author. 2006. • Coffin, Haskell. "Joan of Arc" Digital image. WW I Poster: Joan of Arc Saved France. Web. 28 Nov. 2010Fouquet, Jean Karl VII. 1451. Musée de Louvre, Paris. 28 Nov. 2010 <http://xenophongroup.com/montjoie/chas_vii.htm>. • De Fauquembergue, Clément. 10 May 1429. Joan of Arc in the protocol of the parliament of Paris (1429). • Digital image. Jeanne D'Arc Review. 16 Aug. 2007. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://www.dailygame.net/news/archives/006505.php>. • Doyle, James. Joan of Arc Captured at Compiegne. • Groening, Matt. Lisa Simpson as Joan of Arc. Digital image. "The Simpsons" The Thirteenth Season DVD Review. Dvdizzy.com. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. • Ingres, Jean A. Jeanne d’Arc au sacre du roi Charles VII, dans la cathédrale de Reims. 1854. Musée de Louvre, Paris. 28 Nov. 2010 <http://www.euroclubschools.co.uk/page48.htm>. • Lenepveu, Jules-Eugène. Joan of Arc Burning at Stake. • Thirion, Eugene Jeanne d'Arc. 1876. unknown, unknown. 28 Nov. 2010 <http://http://www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc_pictures2a.asp>.

  22. Works Cited • Email, By. "Long Biography." Joan of Arc - Maid of Heaven: All About Joan of Arc. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://www.maidofheaven.com/>. • Kreis, Stephen. "Joan of Arc, C.1412-1431." The History Guide -- Main. 2000. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://historyguide.org/ancient/joan.html>. • Pettinger, T. "Joan of Arc Biography - Biography Online." Biography Online | Biographies of Inspirational and Famous People. 07 Jan. 2007. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://www.biographyonline.net/people/joan-of-arc.html>. • Williamson, Allen. "Joan of Arc, July 7th, 1456." Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'Arc) Archive. 2008. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://archive.joan-of- arc.org/joanofarc_1456_july_7.html>. • Williamson, Allen. "Joan of Arc's Life - Brief Overview." Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'Arc) Archive. 30 Mar. 2010. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://archive.joan-of-arc.org/>. • Williamson, Allen. "Motives & Conduct at Joan of Arc's Condemnation Trial." Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'Arc) Archive. 2005. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://archive.joan- of-arc. org/joanofarc_Condemnation_Trial_Motives_Conduct.html>. • Williamson, Allen. "Joan of Arc's Life - Brief Overview." Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'Arc) Archive. 30 Mar. 2010. Web. 28 Nov. 2010. <http://archive.joan-of- arc.org/>.

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