Chapter 2: sections 1-2

1. Chapter 2:sections 1-2 1/8/13 US 11 History

2. King George III Political: Sugar Act. Economic: American customs service(taxes or imports) losing. Diplomatic: increased tension with Great Britain. Social/ Cultural: outrage by Bostonian merchants

3. Sugar Act Political: all owed vice-admiralty court. Economical: colonists would pay a lower tax. Diplomatic: further tension between colonial merchants and traders. Social/ cultural: angered merchants and traders.

4. Stamp Act Political: parliament got stronger and richer. Economical: imposed tax on documents and printed items. Diplomatic: directly increased tension with individual colonists and Great Britain. Social/ cultural: directly angered colonists and kick started boycott.

5. Samuel Adams Political: helped create Sons of Liberty Economical: Diplomatic :played large roll with france in getting them to join the war. Social/ cultural: Leader in the Sons of Liberty

6. Boston masacre Political: led to 3 year “calm down” Economical: Supported by british soldiers Diplomatic: took tension with great britian to a personal level Social/ cultural: increased tension with british soldiers and colonists.

7. Boston tea party Social/ cultural: Colonists activly protesting against the british in response to taxes Diplomatic: Further retaliation of the colonists to great britian. Economical: Indians dumped 18000 pounds of East india company tea into boston harbor. Political:Created the intolerable acts

8. John Locke Social/ cultural: ideas of John Locke spread and are accepted throughout the colonies Diplomatic: Economical: Political: his ideas played key part in the enlighenment way of thinking.

9. Common Sense Social/ cultural: Way for patriotic ideas to be spread throughout the colonies Diplomatic: large role played in spreading ideas of hatred about Great Britain throughout the colonies. Economical: sold nearly 500,000 copies. Political: attacked the British monarchy.

10. Thomas Jefferson Social/ cultural: Put colonists feelings and Locke’s ideas into words Diplomatic: Economical: Political: Wrote the final draft of the Declaration of independence

11. Declaration of Independence Social/ Cultural- Revolutionary ideas of life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness Diplomatic- opened declaration to great Britain, Started revolutionary war. Economical-U.S. Citizens didn’t have to pay British Political- America became its own country

12. Loyalists Social/ Cultural- hatred of Loyalists in colonies. Wanted to avoid punishment by the British. Diplomatic- Friends of Great Britian Economical- Political- Didn’t believe in colonial governments

13. Patriots Social/ Cultural- Suppoters of independence. Diplomatic- Enemy of Great Britain Economical- Native Americans supported the British Political- saw hope in America

14. Saratoga Social/ Cultural – major American victory Diplomatic- Large U.S. Victory Economical- Political- got French to sign on allignment

15. Valley Forge Social/ Cultural – Soliders fought to survive the Winter. French support and confidence in themselves increased among American Soliders. Diplomatic- Signified that U.S. could need help in the war from another country Economical- Low on food and supplies Political-

16. inflation Social/ Cultural – solidersstuggled to be payed, women played larger roles, Black Americans fought for the U.S. Diplomatic- Economical- congress printed more money. Value plunged. Political- lead to new style of money

17. Marquis de Laffeyette Social/ Cultural –Transformation of Continental Fighting force Diplomatic- lobbied for French Reinforcements Economical- helped to train the continental Army Political- Helped to start ending the war

18. Charles Cornwallis Social/ Cultural – captured Charlestown. Later surrendered at Yorktown. Major victory for colonial troops. Diplomatic- Economical- Political- helped to start ending the war

19. Yorktown Social/ Cultural – Signified the end of war for Colonial troops Diplomatic- Economical- British general led his army off into penensila Political- ended the war

20. Treaty Of Paris Social/ Cultural – colonists now consider themselves Americans Diplomatic- declared U.S. independence Economical- set new nation/ confirmed U.S. Independence Political- confirmed the U.S. independence

21. Egalitarianism Social/ Cultural – Equality of all people. Diplomatic- Economical- Not wealth or family background Political- sparked new way of society

22. Chapter 2 Sections 3-4

23. 1. Articles of Confederation P- created a form of government called confederation or alliance E- increased state taxes D-Shay’s Rebellion, farmers vs. government S- panic and death throughout the nation with rebellion

24. 2. Northwest Ordinance of 1787 P- weak central government, dividing land for surveying E- government had no means of raising money D- states functioned independently and separately S- ignored the lives of Native Americans and their needs

25. 3. Shay’s Rebellion P- government unable to solve problems because of lack of power; creation of the congress of Philadelphia E- lack of farming and goods due to rebellion D- tension between state government and national government/ farmers vs. National government S- deaths of farmers and debt due to taxes

26. 4. James Madison P-Virginia Plan- 2 house legislature based on population E- economic tension between small states and large states; lack of trade D- small states vs. large states/ North vs. South S- people in small states felt powerless and were overlooked

27. 5. Checks and Balances P- created 3 branches of government; limited the authority of governmental branches E- resolved economic tension by granting equality in government D- equal power to state and national government resolving tension S- citizens given some power in choosing the presdient

28. Ratification P – Began the debate between federalist and antifederalist as to whether or not to pass the constitution. E – N/A D – Ratifying the constitution would make the US a stronger nation, which would affect the way other countries interact with us. S – They needed 9 of 13 states to ratify the constitution.

29. Federalist P – in favor of balance of power between the states and the national government. E – N/A D – Quicker ratification would result in a sooner change in our diplomatic status(referring to slide 1) S –

30. Antifederalist P – In favor of a strong central Government. E – N/A D – Delayed ratification would delay the change in our diplomatic status(referring to slide one) S – Their argument led to the compromise of creating the bill of rights.

31. Bill of Rights P – Ensured freedom of speech, allowing citizens to criticize the government and have political debates however they choose. E – Kept government out of individual businesses. D – Made the US popular to immigrants searching for religious freedom(ext.) S – Gave freedom of religion

32. Judiciary act of 1789 P – Created an official supreme court E – The national government would have the final say on things such as taxes D – N/A S – state court decisions could appealed to a federal court if needed showing potential to cause confusion or disagreement between state and federal courts.

33. Alexander Hamilton P- believed in strong central government led by an educated upper class E- proposed the establishment of a national bank D- wanted nations to pay off its debts to other countries S- supported by upper class people

34. Cabinet P- had different political views separating them into a two party system E- had different views on a national bank D- S-

35. Two party system P- Separated between people who believed in strong central government(federalist) and those who believed in strong state government(democratic- republicans) E- had different economical ideas. One side was based off farming and the other side was based off shipping and manufacturing. D- the two sides defended two different sides in the war between france and great britain. S-

36. Democratic - Republicans P-believed in strong state government E- economy based on farming D- backed france when the fought great britain S- the “ plain people” supported him ( farmers, tradespeople)

37. Protective Tariffs P- congress passed this to encourage american production E- tax on goods produced abroad meant encourage american production D- promoted american production resulting in less foreign products S- taxed americans more

38. Alexander Hamilton P- believed in strong central government led by an educated upper class E- proposed the establishment of a national bank D- wanted nations to pay off its debts to other countries S- supported by upper class people

39. Cabinet P- had different political views separating them into a two party system E- had different views on a national bank D- S-

40. Two party system P- Separated between people who believed in strong central government(federalist) and those who believed in strong state government(democratic- republicans) E- had different economical ideas. One side was based off farming and the other side was based off shipping and manufacturing. D- the two sides defended two different sides in the war between france and great britain. S-

41. Democratic - Republicans P-believed in strong state government E- economy based on farming D- backed france when the fought great britain S- the “ plain people” supported him ( farmers, tradespeople)

42. Protective Tariffs P- congress passed this to encourage american production E- tax on goods produced abroad meant encourage american production D- promoted american production resulting in less foreign products S- taxed americans more