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Luca Busani Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

The Italian experience in the control of Avian Influenza applying emergency and prophylactic vaccination. Luca Busani Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie. The AI challenge in Italy.

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Luca Busani Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

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  1. The Italian experience in the control of Avian Influenza applying emergency and prophylactic vaccination Luca Busani Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie

  2. The AI challenge in Italy • High density of susceptible species (turkeys) in a limited area (Densely Populated Poultry Area-DPPA) • Wetlands and resting sites for migratory waterfowl in close proximity of this DPPA • Several introductions of LPAI viruses from wild birds resulting in some cases in major epidemics

  3. ITALY - VENETO AND LOMBARDY Distribution of poultry holdings Mallard population in Italy: 110,000 birds/year @ 3.300 poultry holdings @ 95 million bird places

  4. Italy: AI outbreaks from 1997 to 2005 • 1997-1998 HPAI: H5N2 8 outbreaks, backyard flocks, prompt eradication • 2000 LPAI-HPAI: H7N1, total costs € 500 million • 2000-2001 LPAI: H7N1 78 outbreaks • 2002-2003 LPAI: H7N3 388 outbreaks • 2004 LPAI: H7N3 28 outbreaks (September-November) • 2005 LPAI: H5N2 15 outbreaks (April-May) Total direct costs: 170 million euros

  5. LPAI: prevention control strategies • Increase of farms bio-security level • Prompt detection of any AI virus introduction in: • Poultry • Wild birds • Vaccination (H5–H7 virus subtypes) • Reduction of farm density, mainly turkey farms (long term strategy)

  6. More than 1000 farms More than 31 million birds Veneto Lombardia VACCINATION AREA

  7. Vaccination: data management system Reports to decision makers Laboratory data Poultry populations data Central data collection and analysis Monitoring activity Poultry vaccination data

  8. Numbers of vaccination in Italy (2000-2006) Vaccination-related costs: 35 million € payed by the farmers

  9. Weekly incidence rate of LPAI H7N3 outbreaks From 31/12/02 vaccination of turkeys (H7N1) R0=3.0 IC (2.3- 3.9) R0=0.6 IC (0.5-0.7)

  10. LPAI epidemics and vaccination in Italy • emergency vaccination • preventative vaccination • c,d) poor adherence to the vaccination protocol • c) 17 flocks vaccinated only once or twice, instead of three times as scheduled; • d) all flocks vaccinated only once

  11. Conclusions I • Emergency and prophylactic AI vaccination can reduce financial losses due to AI epidemics • In order to maintain trade, vaccination must be coupled with monitoring and aimed at eradication • Wild birds and backyard flocks must be included in the monitoring programs • The problems related to AI vaccines and vaccination must be considered when intervention is planned

  12. Conclusion II • Control of AI in DPPAs requires a coordinated territorial strategy including surveillance, early detection and prompt intervention and vaccination should be part of it • This strategy must be adapted to the field conditions • It requires dedicated resources • The sustainability in the long period is the major drawback

  13. Grazie per l’attenzione… Luca Busani Istituto Zooprofilattico delle Venezie – CREVcrev.lbusani@izsvenezie.itStefano Marangon Istituto Zooprofilattico delle Veneziesmarangon@izsvenezie.it

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