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Do-Now

Do-Now. If you owe me a project put it in the basket Take out the planet packet you had for homework As I come around a check answer the following questions using R.A.C.E Date and title the page Inner Planets What do the four inner planets all have in common?

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Do-Now

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  1. Do-Now • If you owe me a project put it in the basket • Take out the planet packet you had for homework • As I come around a check answer the following questions using R.A.C.E • Date and title the page Inner Planets • What do the four inner planets all have in common? • Anything Blue goes in your notes today!

  2. The Solar System By Miss Scillieri Memorial School 6th Grade

  3. Relative Sizes of the Planets, plus Pluto Neptune Uranus Saturn Not pictured The dwarf planet Eris Jupiter Mars Earth Venus Mercury Not pictured, the dwarf planet Ceres Image from http://www.nineplanets.org/gif/NinePlanets.jpg

  4. Clean picture comparing relative sizes Image from http://www.nineplanets.org/gif/NinePlanets.jpg

  5. Another perspective Renamed Eris Another perspective Image from http://media.skyandtelescope.com/images/TwelvePlanets_l.jpg

  6. The Inner Planets • Mercury • Venus • Earth • Mars

  7. Characteristics of the Inner Planets • They are 4 planets closest to the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. Located inside Asteroid Belt • Very similar to each other, they are small and have rocky surfaces. They are dense. Do NOT have rings • Often called “terrestrial planets” because they resemble Earth, “terra-” means “Earth”

  8. Mercury • Size- about 38% of Earth’s diameter it is 4878 km • Distance from sun- about 39% of Earth’s distance it is 58,000,000 km • Surface- thin, hard rocky surface covered with many plains and craters • Atmosphere- very thin

  9. Mercury • Ability to support life- none, there is NOT any sign of life on Mercury, lack of water and oxygen along with hot temperatures make life unlikely • Moons- none • Rotation- 59 Earth days • Revolution- .24 Earth years • Daytime(sunlit side) temperature 430ºC Nighttime(shaded side) temperature -190ºC

  10. Mercury Image on right from http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/images/browse/mercury/mercury1.jpg Image on left from http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/BrowseTheSolarSystem/gifs/mercury2.gif

  11. Venus • Size- slightly smaller than Earth 95% of Earth’s diameter, it is 12,104 km • Distance from sun- about 2/3 of Earth’s, it is 108,000,000 km from sun • Surface- covered with rock similar to some parts of Earth, has volcanoes with lava flows and strange domes

  12. Venus • Atmosphere- Very thick and cloudy, mostly carbon dioxide, clouds partly sulfuric acid. The thick atmosphere traps heat making it HOT! • Atmospheric pressure is 90 times heavier than Earth’s and would crush a human

  13. Venus • Atmosphere continued- Mostly carbon dioxide so greenhouse effect is strong • Has clouds of sulfuric acid • Ability to support life- Life does NOT appear to exist on Venus, lack of water along with harsh temperatures and atmosphere make life on Venus unlikely

  14. Venus • Sometimes called “Earth’s twin” or “Earth’s sister planet” due to similarity • Retrograde rotation- rotates “backward” from east to west (opposite of Earth) • Rotates very slowly, one rotation takes about 8 Earth months and one revolution around sun takes about 7.5 Earth months (One day is longer than one year) • Moons- None

  15. Venus Image on left from http://rocksfromspace.open.ac.uk/images/venus.jpg

  16. Earth • Size- 12,756 km diameter • Distance from Sun- 150,000,000 km • Surface- Crust is a solid rocky surface, 70% is covered by water • Atmosphere- up to 100 km thick, made up of 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1% other gases

  17. Earth • Ability to Support Life- Life does exist on Earth. Gaseous oxygen, liquid water and moderate temperatures are hospitable for life on Earth • Rotation takes 24 hours • Revolution takes 365.25 days • Earth has one moon

  18. Earth Image on right from http://z.about.com/d/space/1/7/c/e/earth_moon.jpg Image on left from http://www.physorg.com/newman/gfx/news/2005/earth12.jpg

  19. Mars • Size- 53% of Earth’s diameter, it is 6794 km • Distance from Sun- about 1.5 times distance of Earth It is 228,000,000 km from sun • Surface-Rocky surface with carbonite rocks high in iron, creating red color Polar ice caps contain frozen water and carbon dioxide

  20. Mars • Atmosphere- Very thin, with thin clouds Mostly carbon dioxide • Ability to support life- It is possible that primitive bacteria may have lived on Mars or may now live there but none has been found. Existence of liquid water makes life on Mars a possibility

  21. Mars • Has polar ice caps of frozen water and frozen carbon dioxide • Rotation- 1.03 Earth days • Revolution- 1.9 Earth years • Mars has largest volcano in solar system, called Olympus Mons • Moons- 2 Phobos and Deimos Image of Phobos from http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/221818main_PIA10368-516.jpg

  22. Mars Image on left from http://www.lunarplanner.com/Images/Mars2003/Mars.jpg Image on right from http://www.spacetoday.org/images/Mars/MarsRovers2003/MarsRover2003_1.jpg

  23. Do-Now • Come in quietly • Take out HW- As I check answer the Do Now in Blue • If you were absent check the folder! It is due tomorrow • Answer the following question? What do the four outer planets have in common? • Anything in Blue goes in your notes today!

  24. The Outer Planets • Jupiter • Saturn • Uranus • Neptune • Pluto (a dwarf Planet)

  25. Characteristics of The Outer Planets • These are the planets outside of the Asteroid Belt, they are: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and the dwarf planets Pluto and Eris • Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are called “Gas Giants” . They are much larger than Earth and do not have solid surfaces

  26. Characteristics of The Outer Planets • Pluto and Eris are small and rocky, like the terrestrial planets. • The gas giants do not have well-defined surfaces but have deep atmospheres that are typically about 75% hydrogen, 24% helium, and 1% other elements • Gas giants likely have solid cores of rock, ice, frozen carbon dioxide and other compounds

  27. Jupiter • Size- diameter is 11 times Earth’s, It is 142,800 km • Distance from Sun- 5.2 times further than Earth. It is 778,000,000 km • Surface and atmosphere of gas and liquid itdoes not have a well-defined surface • Has a deep atmosphere ofabout 86 % hydrogen,14 % helium, and tiny amounts of methane, ammonia, phosphine, water, acetylene, ethane, germanium, and carbon monoxide.

  28. Jupiter • Ability to support life- Lacks water, oxygen and moderate temperatures needed to support life. NO known life • Largest planet in solar system with 300 times the mass of Earth • Rotation- .41 Earth days (fastest) • Revolution- 29 Earth years

  29. Jupiter • Moons- 63 • Has dark rings • Great Red Spot is storm on Jupiter, twice as big as Earth

  30. Jupiter Jupiter and moon Io Image on left from http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/images/browse/jupiter/jupiter.jpg Image on right from http://www.spacetoday.org/images/SolSys/Jupiter/JupiterBelowIo2001.jpg

  31. Saturn • Size-About 9.44 times size of Earth. It is 120,540 km • Distance from sun- About 9.5 times distance from sun as Earth. 1,427,000,000 km • Surface and atmosphere –has no surface. Just thick mixture of gases.

  32. Saturn • Ability to support life- Lacks water, oxygen, and moderate temperatures needed to support life • Second largest planet in solar system • Rotation- 0.43 Earth days • Revolution- 29 Earth years

  33. Saturn • Moons- scientists are unsure because of distance and composition. Estimated at 60 • Low density planet, could float in water • Has beautiful rings that look like thick and thin bands of color • Titan- its biggest moon is bigger than Mercury. Pictures show landforms once formed by flowing liquid. Scientists are studying if the moon can support life.

  34. Saturn Image on right from http://www.adlerplanetarium.org/cyberspace/planets/saturn/images/saturns_ring_plane.jpg Image on left fromhttp://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/images/full/saturn/saturn.jpg

  35. Uranus • Size- About 4 times diameter of Earth. It is 51,200 km • Distance from Sun- About 19 times farther from sun than Earth. It is 2,871,000,000 km • Surface and atmosphere of a gas giant, itdoes not have a well-defined surface,

  36. Uranus • The surface of Uranus consists of blue-green clouds made up of tiny ice crystals of methane, and rock. The crystals of methane have frozen out of the planet's atmosphere. • Uranus' atmosphere is about 83% hydrogen, 15% helium and 2% methane.

  37. Uranus • Ability to support life- Lacks water, oxygen, and moderate temperatures needed to support life, NO known life • Rotation- 0.72 Earth days, is retrograde rotation like Venus, and rotates on side • Revolution- 84 Earth years • Uranus rotates on a 90 tilt and from bottom to top instead of side to side • Moons- 27. Icy and cratered surfaces • Rings- 11 dark rings. They are not as prominent or pretty as Saturn’s

  38. Uranus Image on left from http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/image/uranus.jpg Image on right from http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/139938main_uranus_ring.jpg

  39. Do-Now • Come in quietly • Take out notebook open up to yesterday’s notes Sit with your Color Team Red, Orange, Blue, and Green. Do-Now • Blue Team- fill in the first column on your graphic organizer- FIRST COLUMN ONLY! • Green, Orange, and Red Teams – Write 2-3 sentences describing Neptune’s rings, moons, and composition.

  40. Today we are going to the movies • We will watch the brain pops on the following titles • Jupiter • Saturn • Uranus • Neptune • Pluto

  41. Assignment • Blue (Uranus)- after movie you will complete KWL chart • Green (Saturn) – after movie you will write a story about visiting Saturn and what you need to pack in your suitcase to survive • Red (Pluto) will use information text to complete graphic organizer • Orange (Neptune)- will draw a poster advertising why it is such a great planet.

  42. THIS IS GRADED • Last week’s center, this center, and tomorrow center will be combined into one big grade for the 2nd Marking Period. • This assignments like all assignments deserve your upmost respect, attention, and effort! • This can easily be turned into an individual ESSAY instead of a group station!

  43. Neptune • Size- Almost 4 times diameter of Earth. It is 49,500 km • Distance from Sun- Almost 30 times farther from sun than Earth. It is 4,497,000,000 km • Surface and atmosphere of a gas giant, itdoes not have a well-defined surface • Neptune's composition is similar to Uranus. Cold and blue from methane clouds.

  44. Neptune continued • Atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and helium with a small amount of methane. • Ability to support life- Lacks significant water, oxygen, and moderate temperatures needed to support life. NO known life.

  45. Neptune continued • Rotation- 0.67 Earth days • Revolution- 165 Earth years • Visible clouds in atmosphere • Moons- 13 • 3 Very dark rings, 1 very faint ring

  46. Neptune Image on left from http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/n/e/neptune/neptune.jpg Image on right from http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Neptune-visible.jpg

  47. Pluto • Size- about 17% of diameter of Earth. It is 2200 km • Distance from sun- more than 39 times farther than Earth. It is 5,913,000,000 kilometers • Rocky, icy surface is very small • Thin atmosphere of methane gas

  48. Pluto continued • Ability to support life- Lacks water, oxygen, and warmth needed for life NO known life • Moons- 1 Charon (book), 3- Charon, Hydra and Nix (web and NASA) • Rotation- 6.4 Earth days • Revolution- 248 Earth years

  49. Pluto Image on left from http://www.crh.noaa.gov/Image/fsd/astro/Pluto1.jpg Image on right from http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/public/Pluto1.jpg

  50. The Dwarf Planets • Ceres- new dwarf planet, it was classified as the largest asteroid in the Asteroid Belt (it is between Mars & Jupiter). Say • Pluto- was classified as a planet, now classified as a dwarf planet • Eris- new dwarf planet, past Pluto it is an icy body near the edge of our solar system. Say

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