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Cementation of Dust. Young Hun Yoon Peter Brimblecombe. University of East Anglia School of Environmental Sciences, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK. IMPACT OF VISITOR NUMBERS on DUST DEPOSIT. PREVIOUS WORK. HCP. OPH. AEH. 2. PROBLEM. ACCUMULATION. CEMENTATION. - Physical behaviour.
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Cementation of Dust Young Hun YoonPeter Brimblecombe University of East Anglia School of Environmental Sciences, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
IMPACT OF VISITOR NUMBERSon DUST DEPOSIT PREVIOUS WORK HCP OPH AEH 2
PROBLEM ACCUMULATION CEMENTATION - Physical behaviour - Biological attack - Chemical attack - High Humidity RH change Some large particles disappearing! BECOME DEEPLY EMBEDDED INTO FIBRE 3
MOVING DUST!RH change Measured by Dr D Bowden & Created by Prof. Peter Brimblecombe 4
DUST SEPERATIONCOLOUR CHANGE 18% w/w 82% w/w Fibre Dust from proper left upper outer valance, KNOLE Particles Original Dust 5
A single particles adhered to fibre surface COLOUR CHANGE (b) (a) DARK COLOUR Many fine particles- fibre becomes dark colour 6
BACTERIAL EXOPOLYMERS Silk fibers and bacteria after three months of growth in high humidity. SEMs: A. Tarnowski & C. McNamara Appl.Bio. DEAS Harvard University 8
CEMENTATION OF DUST Humidity and pollutants may bind dust to underlying surfaces so sets cleaning frequency (Curtain from Eating Room) Cementation? 9
EXPERIMENT • Soil fines (63microns) + single fibre or • Mixed with traces of salt and sugar in small dish • Exposed for about 3 months in HCP, Knole, Dover Tunnel • Lab work - 4 weeks exposure (at RH 35, 70, 80, 98%) • Weighing 10
HIGH HUMIDITY EXPOSURE • Concreted at High Humidity Knole & Dover Tunnel Dust + sugar Dust + salt 11
COTTON AFTER A HUMID WINTER HCP Knole 12
Lab work: FIBRE WEIGHING Soil+ NaCl Soil + Sugar Soil weight 13
Lab work: FIBRE WEIGHING Cotton Fibre + soil fines weight 14
Exposures: FIBRE WEIGHING Low humidity in HCP shows small activity on cementation! weight 15
Exposures: FIBRE WEIGHING Control :without salt and sugar weight 16
CONCLUSION - Cementation control & - Cleaning frequency 20
SALT ENCRUSTATIONS J.R.N. Tower Curing Works, 1880, Great Yarmouth Fish washing box near salt store in the building. 17
SALT ENCRUSTATIONS–WOODEN BEAM WITH SALT x4 Salt adhered onto the wooden ceiling Dionex J.R.N. Tower Curing Works, 1880, Great Yarmouth Fish washing box near salt store in the building. Fish washing box and Plaster degraded of the wall. 18
DUST FLAPS: case study and application Dust flap Plate1. Leather dust flaps at Library in Ickworth House Plate 2. Traditional dust flaps at Nostell Priory Library 19 (Credit: Katy Lithgow, NT)
CONCLUSION - Cementation control & - Cleaning frequency 20