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S t e m - C h a n g i n g V e r b s

Stem-changing verbs, also known as boot verbs, require a spelling change in the stem before conjugating the ending. Learn the different stem-changing patterns and how to conjugate these verbs correctly.

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S t e m - C h a n g i n g V e r b s

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  1. Stem-ChangingVerbs Aka – boot verbs Lose the confusion!

  2. What is a stem-change? Verbs are divided into 2 parts: Comer Stem Ending

  3. What is a stem-change? Some verbs need a spelling change in the stem before conjugating the ending Pedir Stem Ending

  4. What is a stem-change? We call this spelling change a stem-change because it occurs in the stem part of the verb

  5. What is a stem-change? You will learn later that this E in the stem will change to I. Pedir Stem Ending

  6. There are 4 basic steps to stem-changing

  7. Step 1-3

  8. You already know: • Conjugations of -AR/-ER/-IR verbs: • AR verbs:

  9. -ER & -IR verbs:

  10. 1. Drop the end 2. Find the subject 3. Put on the new ending based on the subject

  11. Step 4 – stem changing

  12. Each stem-changing verb changes in only 1 of 4 ways

  13. A stem-changing verb will change in one of these ways: O  UE E  I E  IE U  UE

  14. So, step 4 is to decide if your verb is in the boot and if it IS change the stem

  15. Only stem-change inside the boot!

  16. Only stem-change inside the boot! Yo Nosotros Tú Vosotros Él/ella/Ud. Ellos/Uds.

  17. Only stem-change inside the boot! Conjugate as normal (NO SPELLING CHANGE) outside the “boot” Yo Nosotros Tú Vosotros Él/ella/Ud. Ellos/Uds. Stem-change all the conjugations inside the “boot”

  18. Let’s conjugate:Jugar No change Juego Jugamos Juegas Jugáis Juega Juegan The second to last vowel changes U  UE

  19. Inside Boot Outside Boot Jugar  Juegar Yo juego Tú juegas Él juega Ella juega Usted juega Ellos juegan Ellas juegan Ustedes juegan Jugar  NO CHANGE Nosotros jugamos Nosotras jugamos Vosotros jugáis Vostoras jugáis Note: “Juegar” is not an actual word, but it is shown here to emphasize how the stem-change occurs.

  20. In other words, for a stem-changing verb… Always stem-change for these conjugations: Never stem-change for these conjugations: Yo Tú Él Ella Usted Ellos Ellas Ustedes Nosotros Nosotras Vosotros Vostoras

  21. Just remember the boot and you won’t forget where to stem-change!

  22. Let’s look at it in the boot again: No change Juego Jugamos Juegas Jugáis Juega Juegan The second to last vowel changes U  UE

  23. Which letter do I stem-change? Always make the stem-change in the SECOND TO LAST vowel. preferir Second to last vowel Last vowel

  24. Which letter do I stem-change? Always make the stem-change in the SECOND TO LAST vowel. prefierir Second to last vowel Last vowel

  25. Practice Step 2 Which letter would you stem-change? • Almorzar To eat lunch • Devolver To return • Cerrar To close • Pensar To think • Repetir To repeat

  26. Answers Which letter would you stem-change? • Almorzar To eat lunch • Devolver To return • Cerrar To close • Pensar To think • Repetir To repeat

  27. Answers Part 2 Here are the specific stem-changes for each answer. You will learn these later on your worksheet. • Almorzar O  UE • Devolver O  UE • Cerrar E  IE • Pensar E  IE • Repetir E  I

  28. exceptions– there are some “high top verbs that have an irregular yo form that does not follow ANY rules – most of these are Yo-Go verbs. You already know one - TENER Tengo Tenemos Tienes Teneís Tiene Tienen

  29. Step 3 – Make the stem-change in the bootand conjugate Repito Repetimos Repites Repetís Repite Repiten

  30. Let’s Practice!

  31. Step 1: Identify the Stem-Change QUERER (to want)

  32. Step 1: Identify the Stem-Change QUERER (to want) E  IE

  33. Step 2: Locate the second-to-last vowel QUERER (to want)

  34. Step 2: Locate the second-to-last vowel QUERER (to want)

  35. Step 3: Make the stem-change in the bootand conjugate QUIER__

  36. Step 3: Make the stem-change in the bootand conjugate Quiero Queremos Quieres Queréis Quiere Quieren

  37. Excelente,Nowlet’s try it again

  38. Step 1: Identify the Stem-Change Repetir (to repeat)

  39. Step 1: Identify the Stem-Change Repetir (to repeat) E  I

  40. Step 2: Locate the second-to-last vowel Repetir (to repeat)

  41. Step 2: Locate the second-to-last vowel Repetir (to repeat)

  42. Step 3: Make the stem-change in the bootand conjugate Repit__

  43. Muybienhecho!This will get easier with practice!

  44. cierro comienza empezamos entienden pensáis pierdes prefiere quieren tenemos vienen

  45. consigue decimos pedimos persiguen reís repites sigo sonríen sirven pide

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