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Policing: History & Structure

Policing: History & Structure. Chapter #5. 1200 – _____ (able-bodied men) Shire Reeve – __________ Comites Stabuli – _____ officers (__________) Towns & cities – used watchmen (__________). Statute of Winchester 1. 2. 3.Hue & cry 4. all homes – needed a _____. British Roots.

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Policing: History & Structure

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  1. Policing: History & Structure Chapter #5

  2. 1200 – _____ (able-bodied men) Shire Reeve – __________ Comites Stabuli – _____ officers (__________) Towns & cities – used watchmen (__________) Statute of Winchester 1. 2. 3.Hue & cry 4. all homes – needed a _____ British Roots

  3. British roots • Bow Street Runners • 1. Sir Henry Fielding – 1750 • 2. • 3. caused by: • a) • b) • c)

  4. British influence • London Metropolitan Police • 1. Sir Robert Peele – 1829 • 2. 1,000 _____ • 3. _____ • 4. ______ structure • 5. model for world

  5. American Policing

  6. Pre-20th century • 1. • 2. • 3. vigilantism • 4. law of the frontier • 5.

  7. 20th century (first half) • 1. 1910 – Alice Stebbins Wells – first • __________ _____ • 2. 1915 – 25: cars / phones / radios • 3. Prohibition – • 4. Wickersham Commission – prohibition unenforceable

  8. 20th century (second half) • 1. increase in individual rights – _____ • 2. LEAA – Law Enforcement Assistance Administration • a. • b. • c. led to: _____ _____ _____increase effectiveness / reduce citizen complaints / enhance efficiency • d. started use of _____

  9. Kansas City Experiment • Preventive patrol – __________ • Directed patrol – • 1. • 2. • Preventive patrol _____

  10. Evidence based policing Based on scientific evaluation & accumulation of knowledge 1. 2.

  11. Federal law enforcement 11 government services

  12. Department of Agriculture U.S. Forest Service Department of Commerce Bureau of Export Enforcement National Marine Fisheries Administration Department of Defense Air Force Office of Special Investigations Army Criminal Investigation Division Defense Criminal Investigative Service Naval Investigative Service Department of Homeland Security Federal Law Enforcement Training Center Federal Protective Service Transportation Security Administration U.S. Coast Guard U.S. Customs and Boarder Protection U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement U.S. Secret Service Department of the Interior (Con’t) National Park Service U.S. Park Police Other Agencies with Enforcement Personnel: AMTRAK Police Bureau of Engraving and Printing Police Department of Energy Environmental Protection Agency – Criminal Investigations Division Food and Drug Administration Tennessee Valley Authority U.S. Capitol Police U.S. Mint U.S. Supreme Court Police Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Police Department American Policing: Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives Bureau of Prisons Drug Enforcement Administration Federal Bureau of Investigation U.S. Marshals Service Department of Labor Office of Labor Racketeering Department of the State Diplomatic Security Service Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service – Criminal Investigation Division Treasury Inspector General for Tax Enforcement U.S. Postal Service Postal Inspection Service Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Bureau of Land Management Fish and Wildlife Service

  13. FBI – federal bureau of investigation • 1908 – Bureau of Investigation • Mission statement: • 1. protect U.S. from: • __________ • 2. enforce ______ laws • 3. assist: _____ & _____ • 55 offices / 400 satellite offices

  14. FBI • Additional responsibilities • 1. NCIC – national crime information center • 2. CODIS – DNA database • 3. crime lab • 4. national academy • 5. legal attache’ – foreign countries

  15. 1. protect U.S. from __________ 2. protect against: __________ 3. protect against __________ 4. combat ______ 5. protect _______ 6. combat _____ & ______ organized crime 7. combat _____ crime 8. combat widespread _____ crime 9. support _____ & _____ police 10. technology upgrades FBI priorities

  16. FBI antiterrorism concerns • 1. covert operatives already in _____ • 2. Al-Qaeda’s intention to use _____ / _____ / _____ • Terrorism • 3. Al-Qaeda’s exploitation of • ____________

  17. State & local policing __________ – oldest state police organization __________ State Police – first nationally accredited

  18. Federal, State, and Local Law Enforcement Employment, 2000 Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics

  19. Centralized Combines investigation, patrol & specialties under same administration Aid & train local police ID & criminal records PA State Police Decentralized Separates patrol & investigation Texas Rangers – investigations Texas Department of Public Safety - patrol State police models

  20. Local agencies • Municipal police departments • Towns, townships, borough • Sheriff’s departments • Transit police • Campus police • Jurisdiction with municipality • PA most police departments

  21. Local agencies • Sheriff’s department • County patrol function • Operate county jails • Protect courtrooms* • Serve county papers* • *PA

  22. Private protective services • 1. privately funded • 2. for profit • 3. variety of security jobs • 4. utilize contractual fees • 5. hired by big business • 6. huge today with terrorism

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