1 / 41

Unit 1: Nuclear Chemistry Review

Unit 1: Nuclear Chemistry Review. By Mrs. Billings. Brief Overview:. Structure of the atom Identifying types of decay (alpha, beta, gamma) & how nucleus changes with each Nuclear reaction equations Nuclear fission vs. nuclear fusion. Structure of the Atom.

viet
Download Presentation

Unit 1: Nuclear Chemistry Review

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 1: Nuclear Chemistry Review By Mrs. Billings

  2. Brief Overview: • Structure of the atom • Identifying types of decay (alpha, beta, gamma) & how nucleus changes with each • Nuclear reaction equations • Nuclear fission vs. nuclear fusion

  3. Structure of the Atom

  4. How would you describe the nucleus? Nucleus is small but dense!! Atom mostly empty space.

  5. Isotopes • Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons Practice: • Determine the number of protons and neutrons in Krypton-86

  6. Answer: • Mass number is 86, atomic number is 36. • Protons = 36 • Neutrons = 86 - 36 = 50 • What is this called when it has a different mass from the one of the periodic table?

  7. What keeps nucleus together? + and + Repel • Why doesn’t the nucleus’ protons repel each other and leave? • - Strong Nuclear Force keeps it together.

  8. Why do things radiate?

  9. Rutherford’s Experiment

  10. Types of Decay • Alpha Radiation • Nucleus loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons (alpha particle) • Has a +2 charge • Can be blocked by paper or clothing Example: 22688Ra → 22286Rn + 42He

  11. Types of Decay continued… • Beta Radiation • A neutron turns into a proton and gives off an electron (beta particle) • Has a –1 charge • Can be blocked by metal foil Example: 146C → 147N + 0-1β

  12. Types of Decay continued… • Gamma Radiation • Each gamma ray has no mass and no charge and no particles; it’s just pure energy! • Account for almost all the mass lost in radiation • Not completely blocked by lead or concrete (BUT GAMMA, IT’LL KILL YOU!!!) Example: 23892U → 23490Th + 42He + 2 00γ

  13. Radiation Chart

  14. Types of Decay • Identify type of decay: • A. alpha, B. beta, C. gamma, D. positron, E. electron capture 146C 147N  +  0-1β 116C 115B  +  01β 22886Rn42He + 22484Po 146C + 0-1 e → 145N

  15. Nuclear Reaction Equations • Nuclear Reaction Equations: • Calculating the new compound or types of decay involved. Practice Problems: 127N  ?  +  01β 147N → ? + 0-1β 22688Ra → ? + 42He

  16. Decay Series

  17. Practice Predicting Radiation

  18. Fusion vs Fission • Nuclear Fusion: • Two smaller nuclei are coming together to form one larger, more stable nucleus. • Examples of Sun and Hydrogen bomb. • Nuclear Fission: • One large nuclei splits into two smaller and more stable nuclei. • Examples of nuclear power plant and atomic bomb.

  19. Binding Energy

  20. NUCLEAR JEOPARDY

  21. Directions • Circle desks into teams of 4 • Get a whiteboard & sock/marker to share • Come up with the answer in your group, making sure other groups don’t hear you. • Write the answer on your whiteboard and hold up toward teacher when done. • First group done with correct answer gets points. • Rotate the whiteboard to the next person in the group.

  22. Question 1 What are the 3 main types of nuclear radiation?

  23. Question 1: Answer Alpha Beta Gamma (positron) (electron capture)

  24. Question 2 How would you stop Beta radiation?

  25. Question 2: Answer Metal foil

  26. Question 3 What type of decay is the following equation? 13153I  13154Xe + 0-1β

  27. Question 3: Answer 13153I  13154Xe + 0-1β Beta Decay

  28. Question 4 What is missing in the equation? 137N --->  42He   + _____

  29. Question 4: Answer 137N --->  42He   + _ 95B _

  30. Question 5 What is missing? 31H   32He  + ______ What type of decay is it?

  31. Question 5: Answer 31H   32He  + _ 0-1β _ Beta decay

  32. Question 6 What is it called when a nucleus splits apart and releases massive amounts of energy?

  33. Question 6: Answer Nuclear fission

  34. Question 7 Which releases more energy fission or fusion? Give a real-life example of it to prove why.

  35. Question 7: Answer Fusion The sun or hydrogen bomb

  36. Question 8 When will atoms become radioactive?

  37. Question 8: Answer When there are too many protons and neutrons When there is an uneven amount of protons and neutrons.

  38. Question 9 What keeps the nucleus from falling apart?

  39. Question 9: Answer Strong Nuclear Force

  40. Question 10 What makes up the majority of the atom’s mass? What makes up the majority of the atom’s volume?

  41. Question 10: Answer Mass= nucleus (protons & neutrons) Volume= empty space (nothing)

More Related