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Chapter 3: Minerals of the Earth’s Crust

Chapter 3: Minerals of the Earth’s Crust. Standard: Composition of rocks in terms of minerals. 2 k inds of minerals. Silicates. Non-Silicates. Contain: Silicon Oxygen Metal. Does Not contain: Silicon Oxygen. How are minerals identified?. Color Luster Streak.

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Chapter 3: Minerals of the Earth’s Crust

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  1. Chapter 3: Minerals of the Earth’s Crust Standard: Composition of rocks in terms of minerals

  2. 2 kinds of minerals Silicates Non-Silicates Contain: • Silicon • Oxygen • Metal Does Not contain: • Silicon • Oxygen

  3. How are minerals identified? • Color • Luster • Streak • May vary due to impurities in the soil or air. • The way a surface reflects light • Shiny means metallic • Dull means a non-metal • The color of a mineral in powdered form; Does NOT change

  4. How are minerals identified? • Cleavage • Fracture • Breaks along smooth, flat surfaces • Ex: Mica • Breaks unevenly along curved or irregular surfaces • Ex: Quartz

  5. How are minerals identified? • Hardness • Density • Resistance to being scratch • Mohs Hardness Scale of 1 – 10 ; talc =1, diamond= 10 • Ratio between mass & volume • Written as g/ml or g/cm³

  6. How are minerals identified? • Special Properties • Fluorescence • Chemical reaction • Optical properties • Magnetism • Taste • Radioactivity

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