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Unggul Priyant o Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology Republic of Indonesia

BIOENERGY POLICY AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA. Unggul Priyant o Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology Republic of Indonesia November 1, 2010. INTRODUCTION. World Peak-Oil & Indonesian Oil Production Projection. UNCERTAINTY DEPLETION. CURRENT ENERGY MIX (1 billion BOE).

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Unggul Priyant o Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology Republic of Indonesia

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  1. BIOENERGY POLICY AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA Unggul Priyanto Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology Republic of Indonesia November 1, 2010

  2. INTRODUCTION

  3. World Peak-Oil & Indonesian Oil Production Projection UNCERTAINTYDEPLETION

  4. CURRENT ENERGY MIX (1 billion BOE) National (Primary) Energy Mix Hydro Power, 3.11% Oil 20% Geothermal, 1.32% Natural Gas, 28.57% Biofuel, 5% RE,15% Geothermal, 5% wood waste, Nuclear, Hydro, Solar Energy, Wind Power, 5% Oil 51.66% Coal, 15.34% Coal , 35% Energy Elasticity < 1 Energy Elasticity = 1,8 NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY (PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 5 YEAR 2006) National Energy Mix 2025 (3 billion BOE) (Presidential Decree No. 5/2006) Gas, 30% 4

  5. Opportunities for Bioenergy • Bioenergy are available in liquid state • Bioenergy is renewable energy • Bioenergy can give a large contribution to reducing GHG emissions • Bioenergy is a clean energy source • Bioenergy markets provide major business opportunities (bio-diesel, bio-ethanol) • Bioenergy can provide a key lever for rural development and enhanced agricultural production methods

  6. Lignoselulosa Jathropa palm Cassava mollases Coconut Pure Plant Oil diesel oil Bio-Diesel BioPremium Raw materials for Biofuel PURE PLANT OIL(PPO ) and BIODIESEL BIOETHANOL Hydrolysis + Fermentation Crude bio-oil Bioethanol ( 9% ) + Methanol Dehydration Biodiesel Bioethanol ( FG ) 5-20% 5-20% diesel oil Gasoline Diesel Engine: car, Genset Gasolin Engine

  7. Resource Base of Bioethanol

  8. Resource Base of Vegetable Oil • There are 350 plantation that supply vegetable oil

  9. Biomass Waste Resources Potential

  10. BIOENERGYPOLICYIN INDONESIA

  11. OBJECTIVE OF BIOFUEL DEVELOPMENT • 1. Poverty alleviation and job creation • 2. Encourage enhancement of sustainable economical activities, through biofuel development : • Reasonable price • Efficient, reliable, save and environmental friendly • 3. Reducing domestic fossil fuel consumption

  12. STRATEGY Developing investment and finance scheme in biofuel development Developing price mechanism, starting from the feedstock up to biofuel product that support biofuel development effectively Increasing local content on biofuel development Improving feedstock supply and production infrastructure Establishing biofuel trading system(59 Gas station use Bioethanol, E2. 1394 Diesel station use Biodiesel, B2-B10) Accelerate land availability Developing Special Biofuel Zone and Self Sufficient Energy Village Improving Local Government and society participation in biofuel business

  13. FAST TRACK BIOFUEL DEVELOPMENT Energy Self Sufficient Village SHORT RUN LONG RUN Create Job Each Region Developing its Biofuel Potential Fast Track Energy Poverty Alleviation SPECIAL BIOFUEL ZONE • Infrastructure • Demplot • On time schedule • Explicit investment • employment ratio

  14. CHALLENGES Land availability for Biofuel Development Land availability inventory, synchronizing data among Forestry Department, National Land Affairs Agency and Regional Government High price of biodiesel feedstock, especially CPO Feedstock diversification is needed Improving quality of Biofuel commodities Agricultural research on biofuel commodities sector Improving national technological capabilities on biofuel processing Research and Development, technology transfer on biofuel processing with more experienced parties The price of biofuel that has not yet competitive in compare with fossil fuel Subsidy Fossil fuels/oil Feedstock diversification and effective technology will decrease the price of biofuel

  15. ROADMAP OF BIOFUEL UTILIZATION 2005-2010 2011-2015 2016-2025 Biodiesel 15% Konsumsi dIESEL 4.52 juta kL Biodiesel Konsumsi dIESEL 10% 2.41 juta kL Biodiesel 20% Konsumsi dIESEL 10.22 juta kL Bio Diesel Bioetanol 10% Konsumsi Gasolin 2.78 juta kL Bioetanol 15% Konsumsi Gasolin 6.28 juta kL Bioetanol 5% Konsumsi gASOLIN 1.48 juta kL Bio Etanol Bio Oil Biokerosin 1 juta kL Biokerosin 1.8 juta kL Biokerosin 4.07 juta kl - Biokerosin PPO 0.4 juta kL PPO 0.74 juta kL PPO 1.69 juta kl • PPO untuk • Pembangkit • Listrik Biofuel 2% energi mix 5.29 juta kL Biofuel 3% energi mix 9.84 juta kL Biofuel 5% energi mix 22.26 juta kL Bio Fuel

  16. Mandatory of biofuel utilization According to Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 32/2008 Biodiesel (B100) 16

  17. Biofuel Development in Indonesia Mandatory of biofuel utilization according to Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 32/2008 Bioethanol (E100) 17

  18. PENTAHAPAN KEWAJIBAN MINIMAL PEMANFAATAN PURE OLANT OIL ** Spesifikasi disesuaikan dengan spesifikasi global dan kepentingan domestik

  19. PROGRESS ON BIOENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA

  20. Production of Fuel-Grade BIOETHANOL : Realization till December 2008about 192.349 kl/yr, Commitment 3.77 mill.kl/yr in 2010 BPPT Lampung 2.500 kl/year (Cassava) BLUE & MONONUTU Minsel 2 x 200 litres/day (Sugarpalm) BLUE Balikpapan 200 litres/day (Molases, Sorghum) TRIDAYA Cilegon 3.000 litres/day (Molases) SUGAR GROUP Lampung 70.000 kl/year (Molases, Integrated Industry) PANCA Cicurug 200 litres/day (Cassava & Molases) Molindo Raya Malang, Jatim 50.000 kl/year (molases ex-PTPN) BEKONANG, Solo nx100 litres/day (Molases)

  21. Production of BIODIESEL : Install Capacity till December2008about 2.029.110kl/yrand 3mill.kl/yr in 2010 PTPN 4 & GANESHA ENERGI Medan 4.000 ton/yr (CPO) WILMAR GROUP Dumai 990.000 ton/yr (CPO) INDO BIOFUELS ENERGY Merak 100.000 ton/yr(CPO) PLATINUM Serang 20.000 ton/yr(CPO) BPPT Serpong 300 ton/yr (CPO) RAP Bintaro 1.650 ton/yr (CPO) ETERINDO Gresik & Tangerang 240.000 ton/yr (CPO) SUMIASIH Bekasi & Lampung 100.000 ton/yr (CPO) DHARMEX100.000 ton/yr (CPO) EAI Jakarta 500 ton/yr (CPO)

  22. Gas Station blendingBiofuelbyPertamina: s/d Juni 2008 Malang 1 SPBU Biopremium 3 SPBU Biopertamax Bali 11 SPBU Biosolar 14 SPBU Biopertamax Jakarta 202 SPBU Biosolar 22 SPBU Biopertamax • Total: 279 SPBU untuk: • Biosolar (1%): 232 SPBU • Biopertamax (5%): 46 SPBU • Biopremium (3%): 1 SPBU Surabaya 19 SPBU Biosolar 7 SPBU Biopertamax

  23. PROSPECT ON BIOMASS WASTE UTILIZATION

  24. Technologies of Bioenergy

  25. Scheme of Palm Waste Utilization Palm FFB CPO Palm EFB Fibers Kernel sheel 20% 18% 9% 5% Steam Process Boiler Bio compost POME 48% Power Generation Bio Gas Electricity

  26. Scheme of Sugar Cane Waste Utilization Sugar Cane Bagasses Sugar Filter cake (mud) Molasses 20% 8% 5% Fermentation Power Plant Distillation Bio compost Plant Spent wash Dehydration Electricity Bio compost GASOHOL Ethanol 99.5%

  27. Jathropa palm Biomass To Liquid Biodiesel Rice Husk Methanol/ Ethanol Veg Oil/ Grease H2 CO Trans-esterification Wood waste FT Process FAME/FAEE Biodiesel Glycerol Green Diesel Fuel Additives / Blends Fuels Ethanol(Sugar,Grain) Ethanol(Biomass) Biodiesel DME Diesel Gasoline Source: NREL

  28. FLOW PROCESS IN BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION Sugar STARCH LIGNOCELLULOSIC LIQUIFACTION OF COOKING STEAM ENZYME ACID ENZYME STEAM PRETREATMENT SUCCHARIFICATION (HYDROLYSIS) SACCHARIFICATION (HYDROLYSIS) ENZYME ACID ENZYME FERMENTATION 7 PURIFICATION BIOETHANOL MICROBE’S CELL STILLAGE ANAEROBIC FERTILIZER DIGESTER BIOGAS COMBUSTION FLOW DIAGRAM BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION USING DIFFERENT RAW MATERIAL

  29. Concluding Remarks • When first generation biofuels production is preferred, where feedstocks used are also competing with food and feed lines, there should be accompanied with intensification of agricultural production and diversification of food crops. • The fact that the demand of food, feed and fuel are steadily increasing, especially in the developing countries, non-food feedstocks (biomass waste) are preferable. This is in line with second generation biofuels production. • Promoting public awareness in utilizing renewable energy would be significant contribution for energy efficiency in particular, and sustainable development in general. • South East Asian Countries are the greatest producer of biofuel feedstocks in Eastern Asian countries

  30. THANK YOU 30

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