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The 5th OOPSLA Workshop on Domain - Specific Modeling Group reports

The 5th OOPSLA Workshop on Domain - Specific Modeling Group reports. 17 October 2005 San Diego, CA. Working groups. F ocus on a specific topic Parallel groups (experiences and cases group split into two smaller groups) 1. DSM foundation 2.1 Experiences and cases

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The 5th OOPSLA Workshop on Domain - Specific Modeling Group reports

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  1. The 5th OOPSLA Workshop on Domain-Specific ModelingGroup reports 17 October 2005 San Diego, CA

  2. Working groups • Focus on a specific topic • Parallel groups (experiences and cases group split into two smaller groups) 1. DSM foundation 2.1 Experiences and cases 2.2 Experiences and cases • The goal of those groups is to • Discuss current application concerns/questions? • Report topics where different opinions exist • Identify research topics • Groups present their results for discussion

  3. Group 1DSM Foundations Group Group 1: Peter van Emde Boas, Ben Denckla, Jonathan Sprinkle

  4. Thoughts: • Formal specifications are great, but eventually, the tool/language must be re-expressed in natural language for general consumption • Both necessary, but publish the right kind to right audience • DSM has this advantage: presenting a “correct” language at first look, but still requires user’s manual as well as provability manual

  5. Thoughts: • On provability • Tool users and industry (e.g., airlines) have confidence in compilers and do verification on source code. • When developing code generators, do we/they verify the outputted source code, or the code generator? Why/why not? • How can we bring the same rigor and confidence to DSM “compilers” which is enjoyed by, say, C++ compilers?

  6. Thoughts: • On design choices • That classic choice of being general or being specific. Do we ignore complex domain concepts to make our language easier, or have general-purpose concepts which can create complex objects? • E.g., feedback loops being/not being allowed in block diagram editors

  7. On interests and resources • More, more, more semantics! Less, less, less syntax! • Create and dispense education plans and disperse them! • Teach DSM from perspective of language history, leveraging denotational/operational, compiler theory, and all sort of existing body of work—try to reduce ad hoc design nature • New domains to explore/refine • Communicating processes • Gaming (computer vs. human) from interface and intelligence aspects • More experience/work on heterogeneous systems • Gluing multiple DSMs together, with confidence in how they will work • Are there control flows we are missing somewhere??

  8. What would we like to see in: • 1 year from now • A DSM textbook for graduate study (rigorous disciplinary book) • Experience papers on code generation projects that have failed, and why that happened (lessens for the rest of us mortals) • A better common vocabulary exposed to the rest of the world somehow • 5 years from now • Killer application that proves/shows off DSM as viable in the large • Lots of industrial Kool-Aid drinking • NOT want to see, or be seen • Syntax battles • Wheel™ 2.0 Just as round, and shiny as ever!

  9. Conclusions • IEEE Software 0 • CACM 3

  10. Group 2.1DSM experiences and cases

  11. (Meta-)Modeling Tools • Semantics vs. abstract syntax vs. concrete syntax vs. rules • Declarative is best! • But requires most experience and hard work by meta-tool developer • Didn’t discuss other necessary features: multi-user, nice editors, no bugs, support… • “State of the art” (present today) • GME • Declarative for abstract syntax • Code for concrete syntax • OCL pseudo-code for rules • MetaEdit+ • Declarative for abstract syntax & rules • Symbol editor for concrete syntax • Procedural non-programming language for checks • What are current research questions? • Model(er) vs. metamodel(er) • Best support if we accept the needs for each are somewhat different • Version control for models • Graphical diff • Do we need fork and merge, or is that an artifact of text langs & CVS

  12. Generators • “State of the art” (present today) • CodeWorker • Declarative specification of parsers • Can insert imperative actions after • Template-based programming DSL (parameterized functions, variables) • GME: non-domain-specific API to access models • Hardcode generators by hand in C++ or Java • Maybe make C++ program to allow CodeWorker to read models? • MetaEdit+ • Non-programming stack-based DSL for turning models into code • Often made to be template-based, modularised by domain concepts • Areas of interest • Keep code generator in synch with metamodel changes • Similar to keeping models in synch • Currently not much, best is to cope with name changes • Higher level of abstraction for generator in GME • Debug generators, step through, know where output came from

  13. Business Impacts • Some industry domains already made the leap • Microprocessors & VHDL/Verilog • ER (e.g. in ERWin) & SQL • LabView • What do we need for others? • Pain • Complexity: bugs, long training • Slowness: missed deadlines / revenue • Used to graphical representations, not against them? • Product lines • Are the tools sufficient for now? • Certainly could learn more from each other • But need someone to fund development

  14. Conclusions • Let’s do something together before next year! • Tool makers: • Talk to each other! • Academics: • Read & understand about existing research! (even old stuff) • Try out existing tools and approaches, and only then… • Invent something new and daring! • Companies: • Try out a tool to make a prototype / pilot project!

  15. Group 2.2DSM experiences and cases Group members: David Foti, Jürgen Jung, Arturo Sanchez, Abhijit Sancdev, Steve Dunham, Michael Cohen, Vikram Bhanot, Angel Roman, Barry Kim, Juha-Pekka Tolvanen

  16. Impact and business case • 9 out of 10 plans to create DSMs in coming 1-2 years • Why? • Don’t want to do it again and again and… • Want to hide implementation details from others • Want to guide the use of frameworks and other abstractions(for early error detection, standardize code etc.) • Have enough repetition • Need for handbook for DSM creation • We want to see more cases • Management must understand and give resources • DSM needs to be refined and maintained

  17. Generators and tooling • Generator development guidelines • Make code similar domain experts write it • Generate test cases • Trace code to requirements • Provide code coverage • Tool issues • Tools should minimize the cost of creating DSMs • Debugging the generated code (tracing from code to models) • Managing changes in the metamodel • Topic, but not an issue? • What tools for creating and using DSMs are available?

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