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Sexual Propagation & Seed Germination

Sexual Propagation & Seed Germination. Textbook pages 88 & 93. Essential Questions. How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? What is germination and what conditions are necessary for germination to occur in a seed?.

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Sexual Propagation & Seed Germination

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  1. Sexual Propagation & Seed Germination Textbook pages 88 & 93

  2. Essential Questions • How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? • What is germination and what conditions are necessary for germination to occur in a seed?

  3. How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? • Sexual reproduction in plants involves the union of the male pollen (sperm) with the female egg and results in the formation of a seed. Pollen + Egg = Seed

  4. How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? Pollen + Egg = Seeds with Genetic Variation Sexual reproduction enables a plant to produce new combinations of genetic information for more unique plants that may have the ability to be stronger.

  5. How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? The seed contains the embryo, the endosperm or cotyledon (the stored food),and is surrounded by a protective seed coat.

  6. How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? Sperm + Egg = Zygote (makes the Embryo) The embryo plant within the seed is the result of a fertilized egg or zygote. This is a combination of the genetic information from the sperm and the egg.

  7. How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? • The combination of the genetic information is called a hybrid. • Agricultural crops have been greatly improved through hundreds of years of hybridization.

  8. How does the ability to sexually produce seeds benefit a plant? Seeds are dormant until there are perfect conditions. • Seeds are designed to wait until the conditions are favorable to begin growth. • The embryo plant is in a dormant or resting phase while inside the seed.

  9. What is germination and what conditions are necessary for germination to occur in a seed? • Germination is the end of the period of dormancy for the embryo plant. • It occurs when the seed changes into a developing seedling. Germination = Seed grows into a Seedling

  10. What is germination and what conditions are necessary for germination to occur in a seed? Germination = warmth, moisture, oxygen • The conditions for germination are warmth, moisture, and oxygen.

  11. What is germination and what conditions are necessary for germination to occur in a seed? Turgor Pressure = Ruptured Seed Coat • Moisture - water enters the seed and causes it to expand and create pressure within the seed. • This is called turgor pressure and causes the seed coat to rupture.

  12. What is germination and what conditions are necessary for germination to occur in a seed? • Temperature - Seeds germinate at a wide range of temperature. • Some plants require very warm germination temperatures and other plants must have cooler temperatures.

  13. What is germination and what conditions are necessary for germination to occur in a seed? • Oxygen - All seeds need oxgygen to germinate and allow growth and development of the embryo plant.

  14. EXIT SLIP QUESTIONS: Why is sexual reproduction of plants important? 2) What is the definition of GERMINATION? 3) What conditions must be met for germination to occur?

  15. HOMEWORK • Write a CER summary paragraph for your Germination Cornell notes. • Be sure to include a Claim, and support it with Evidence and Reasoning based on things that you learned today.

  16. Tomorrow’s Content: Two additional mechanisms affect germination in certain plant seeds: * Stratification - a required period of cold temperature * Scarification - a mechanism that breaks down the seed coat

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