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Africa Since Independence

Africa Since Independence. Europe and Africa Notes Day 4. Quick Review…. Fueled by nationalism many African countries achieve independence following WWII. Leaders like Kwame Nkrumah in Ghana and Jomo Kenyatta in Kenya achieve independence in different ways.

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Africa Since Independence

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  1. Africa Since Independence Europe and Africa Notes Day 4

  2. Quick Review… • Fueled by nationalism many African countries achieve independence following WWII. • Leaders like Kwame Nkrumah in Ghana and Jomo Kenyatta in Kenya achieve independence in different ways. • Countries are left with disagreement about how to rule and past political scars from Europeans playing favorites.

  3. Political Challenges • Nations become impatient with inexperienced political leaders when problems arise. • A good example is Ghana… • Kwame Nkrumah struggles to maintain order when Ghana’s main export, cocoa, loses value. • Nkrumah becomes ruthless, outlaws freedom of speech against him and begins killing his own people. • He is overthrown by his own military and the cycle repeats itself.

  4. Ethnic Violence • National boundaries had been drawn by the imperialist powers. • Often similar people were separated, while different cultures were mixed together. • Ruthless Civil Wars in countries like those in Nigeria and Rwanda lead to the deaths of millions. • In Rwanda the Hutus and the Tutsis are at odds because of the favorable treatment Tutsis were given by the Belgians.

  5. Economic Problems • With economies previously tied the imperialist powers, African countries have a difficult time balancing agriculture and industry for economic stability. • Many countries depend on a single resource for survival. • Ghana = Cocoa • Sudan = Cotton • Nigeria = Oil • Swings in the world price of these goods have far reaching effects on the stability of the nations.

  6. Environmental Issues • As the population grows, the spread of the desert through wearing out soil (desertification) has caused food shortages for millions. • Beginning in the 1970s AIDS has killed millions throughout the continent. • 30 million have been infected with HIV or AIDS by 2003.

  7. Key Question…. • Who should really have more blame in these situations…the imperialist powers or the people who can’t work out their differences? • What should nations like the U.S. do as these problems present themselves still today?

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