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System Programming

System Programming. Chapter 2. ASCII. /* This program shows the dual interpretations of char and ** unsigned char data types. (pg 54) */ #include &lt;stdio.h&gt; main() { char a; unsigned char b; a='A'; b='B'; printf(&quot;%c %c %d %d<br>&quot;,a,b,a,b); a=183; b=255; printf(&quot;%d %d<br>&quot;,a,b); }.

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System Programming

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  1. System Programming Chapter 2

  2. ASCII /* This program shows the dual interpretations of char and ** unsigned char data types. (pg 54) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char a; unsigned char b; a='A'; b='B'; printf("%c %c %d %d\n",a,b,a,b); a=183; b=255; printf("%d %d\n",a,b); }

  3. sizeof() operator /* This program demonstrates the sizeof() operator. (pg 57) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { int i; char c; double d; printf("%d %d %d %d\n",sizeof(i),sizeof(c),sizeof(d),sizeof(float)); }

  4. Bitwise NOT /* This program demonstrates the bitwise not operator. (pg 59) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { unsigned char a; a=17; a=~a; printf("%d\n",a); }

  5. Bitwise AND /* This program demonstrates the bitwise and operator. (pg 60) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { unsigned char a,b; a=17; b=22; a=a & b; printf("%d\n",a); }

  6. Bitwise OR /* This program demonstrates the bitwise or operator. (pg 60) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { unsigned char a,b; a=17; b=22; a=a | b; printf("%d\n",a); }

  7. Bit operators (variables and constants) /* This program demonstrates using the bitwise operators ** with variables and constants. (pg 61) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char x,y; x=7; y=6; x=x&y; y=x|16; printf("%d %d\n",x,y); }

  8. Left/Right shift /* This program demonstrates the bitwise shift operators, ** left-shift and right-shift. (pg 61) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { unsigned char a,b; a=17; a=a << 2; b=64; b=b >> 3; printf("%d %d\n",a,b); }

  9. Bitwise right-shift (negative) /* This program demonstrates right-shifting a negative integer ** so that the shifted-in bits are 1 instead of 0 (pg 62) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char a,b; a=17; a=a >> 2; b=-65; b=b >> 2; printf("%d %d\n",a,b); }

  10. Bitmasks /* This program demonstrates setting a bit, clearing a bit, and ** reading a bit. (pg 64) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char a; int i; a=17; a=a | (1 << 3); /* set 3rd bit */ printf("%d\n",a); a=a & (~(1<<4)); /* clear 4th bit */ printf("%d\n",a); for (i=7; i>=0; i--) printf("%d ",(a&(1<<i)) >> i); /* read i'th bit */ printf("\n"); }

  11. Memory map 1 /* Draw the memory map for this code (pg 65) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char a,b,c; a=7; b=-13; c=0; }

  12. Memory map 2 /* Draw the memory map for this code (pg 65) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char a; int b; float c; double d; a=7; b=-13; c=0.1; d=42.5; }

  13. Memory map 3 /* Draw the memory map for this code. Showing the bit patterns ** emphasizes the differences in storage of "6" (pg 66) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char a; short int b; char c; a=6; b=13; c='6'; }

  14. Memory map 4 /* Draw the memory map for this code. It can emphasize the ** value of a loop counter after the loop is done (pg 67) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { int i,n; n=0; for (i=1; i<=4; i++) n=n+i; }

  15. Memory map 5 /* Draw the memory map for this code. It can emphasize an ** unitialized variable (pgs 67-68) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { int i,sum; printf("%d\n",sum); for (i=1; i<=10; i++) if (i%2 == 0) sum=sum+i; printf("%d\n",sum); }

  16. Problem 1 /* Code for problem 1 - draw the memory map (pg 68) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char c=35; char d='G'; int x=-42; float f=17.25; int i=1099563008; double a=17.25; }

  17. Problem 9 /* Code for problem #9 in chapter 2 (pg 70) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { unsigned char x,y,z; x=15; y=35; z=133; x=x|64; y=y&3; z=~z; printf("%d %d %d\n",x,y,z); }

  18. Problem 10 /* Code for problem #10 in chapter 2 (pg 70) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { int x=7; x=(x|16)<<1; printf("%d\n",x); }

  19. Problem 11 /* Code for problem #11 in chapter 2 (pg 70) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { char i; double d; int t; t=0; for (i='z'; i>='w'; i--) for (d=1.0; d<=1.5; d+=0.1) if (d-1.3 > 0) t++; printf("%d\n",t); }

  20. Problem 12 /* Code for problem #12 in chapter 2 (pg 70) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { int i,j; j=0; for (i=1; i<100; i=i<<1) { if (i % 5 > 1) j=j | i; printf("%d %d\n",i,j); } }

  21. Problem 13 /* Code for problem #13 in chapter 2 (pg 71) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { int i,j,k; j=0; k=32; for (i=100; i>0; i-=10) { if (k/4 > 0) j=j | k; if (i <= 70 && i >= 40) k=k<<1; else k=k>>1; printf("%d %d %d\n",i,j,k); } }

  22. Problem 17 /* This is the code for problem #17 in chapter 2 (pg 72) */ #include <stdio.h> main() { int i; double d; char s[10]; s[0]='f'; s[1]='r'; s[2]='o'; s[3]='g'; d=0.0; for (i=0; i<4; i++) d=d+(double)(s[i]-'a'); }

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