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Jainism

Jainism. Jainism. Tirthankara Based on teachings of Mahavira Roots in Hinduism 4.2 million followers. Pandav Leni Caves 24 - 2000 yr. old caves. New Delhi, India. Mahavira. 599 B.C. – 527 B.C. Prince in Bihar, India Raised a Hindu Believed Hinduism put too much emphasis on rituals

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Jainism

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  1. Jainism

  2. Jainism • Tirthankara • Based on teachings of Mahavira • Roots in Hinduism • 4.2 million followers

  3. PandavLeniCaves24 - 2000 yr. old caves

  4. New Delhi, India

  5. Mahavira • 599 B.C. – 527 B.C. • Prince in Bihar, India • Raised a Hindu • Believed Hinduism put too much emphasis on rituals • 30 years old – left home became a monk • 12 years – meditation and fasting • Finally believed he achieved perfect perception, knowledge, power, and bliss (keval-jnana)

  6. Mahavira • Spent 30 yrs. - travelling on bare feet around India. • He organized his followers, into a four fold order, namely monk (Sadhu), nun (Sadhvi), layman (Shravak), and laywoman (Shravika). Later on they are known as Jains. • Goal: attain freedom from the cycle of birth, life, pain, misery, and death

  7. 5 Basic Principles • Nonviolence (Ahimsa) - not to cause harm to any living beings • Truthfulness (Satya) - to speak the harmless truth only • Non-stealing (Asteya) - not to take anything not properly given • Chastity (Brahmacharya) - not to indulge in sensual pleasure • Non-possession/Non-attachment (Aparigraha) - complete detachment from people, places, and material things

  8. Beliefs • Believe everything is alive and part of cycle of rebirth • Believed in karma & reincarnation

  9. Holidays - 2013 • April 11: AkshayaTritiya • April 23: MahavirJayanti • September 9: DashalakshaniParva • September 9: AnataChaturdasi / AnantChaturdashi • September 10: Paryushan / ParyushanaParva • September 18: Samvatsari • September 18: Ksamavani • November 3: LokashahJayanti • November 3: Diwali / Deepavali • November 5: Bhai Beej • November 8: JnanPanchami

  10. Sikhism

  11. Sikhism • Founded centuries after Jainism • Roots in teachings of Guru Nanak • Guru – Sanskrit – teacher

  12. Guru Nanak • A.D. 1400s • Raised Hindu but grew dissatisfied with teachings • Began traveling – came into contact with other cultures/religions (including Islam) • Teachings – blended beliefs of other religions • Over time – expanded by 9 other gurus

  13. Guru Nanak

  14. Sikhism • Monotheistic • God has no physical form but can be sensed in nature • Goal - Be united with God after death

  15. Achieve Goal • Meditate to find spiritual enlightenment • Takes more than one lifetime • Reincarnation

  16. Beliefs • Live truthfully • Treat all equal – regardless of gender or social class • Pray several times per day • Wear 5 items at all times: long hair, small comb, steel bracelet, sword, special under garment • turbans

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