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This paper presents a technique for forensic facial identification using anatomical measurement and photographic tracing. The method allows direct comparison of ID document images. Criminals' methods to avoid detection are discussed, highlighting the value of their ID photograph as a signature left behind. The case of Sir Roger Tichborne is examined, emphasizing legal responsibilities in evidence handling. The photographic technique involves reproducing original photographs at greater magnification based on interpupillary distance. Anatomical analysis includes individual characteristics, facial features' form, symmetry, and anthropometric measurements.
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An anatomical and photographic technique for forensic facial identifcation “การตรวจพิสูจน์ใบหน้า โดยใช้เทคนิคการถ่ายภาพและด้านกายวิภาคศาสตร์” Presented by: MISS SUPATRA WANGKALASIN
ABSTRACT A photographic technique which allows accurate anatomical measurement and tracing of facial features, which allows direct physical comparison of ID document images.
INTRODUCTION • Methods employed by criminals to avoid detection would also become more dificult because they must use their own photograph for the credential to be of any value.
INTRODUCTION • Their ID photograph on the falsified credential is somewhat of a signature the criminal is forced to leave behind and should be exploited forensic investigators
CASE Sir Roger Tichborne
Materials and methods Legal responsibility • The rules and procedures of local evidencemust be strictly adhered and include:
correct exhibit labelling, • appropriate secured storage, • appropriate use of police seals or other tamper proof methods, • maintenance of evidence continuity, • issuing and receiving of appropriate receipts of evidence, • maintaining accurate notes of procedures andexamination findings.
Photographic technique • The first stage of the method is to reproduce the original photographs as larger sized prints and at the same magnification. • Magnification is determined by using the interpupillary distance of the subjects as a standard reference .
Enlargements with an interpupillary distance larger than 6 cm allows greater accuracy and measurement resolution
Distance relationships from a camera viewpoint to two points on (a) the vertical axis (b) the horizontal axis.
Consultation with manufacturers of ID photography cameras, concluded that most purpose built ID cameras have equivalent film format and lens focal length, which consequently required subject-distance to remain a reasonable constant.
ANATOMICAL ANALYSIS Method for facial comparison has four separate components: • individual facial characteristics (scars, moles, dimples etc),
2. form, size, shape of facial features (nose, eyebrows,mouth, ears, forehead creases),
4. 4.anthropometric measurement.
Table 1 Anthropometric facial measurements (mm) Area measuredPhoto APhoto BPhoto C • Interpupillary distance444444 • Horizontal face width between ear roots99 99 99 • Mouth width on oral fissure line35 33.5 33.5 • Nose width on septal/lip line 25.5 25 25.5
