Kalaignar Housing Scheme

1. Kalaignar Housing Scheme K.Ashok Vardhan Shetty, IAS Principal Secretary to Govt., Municipal Administration & Water Supply Department Tamil Nadu 30.9.2010

2. Tamil Nadu – basic facts • 32 Districts, including Chennai Urban District. • 385 Blocks • 12,618 Village Panchayats • About 85,000 Habitations • Rural Population – about 3.6 Crores (2001 Census) • Integrated Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Department, with full-fledged Engineering Wing • 1,20,000 PRI Representatives • 1,02,000 Staff

3. Census Definitions • Permanent Houses – both walls & roof made of permanent materials. • e.g. Walls made of burnt bricks, stone, concrete, etc., • Roof made of tiles, concrete, G.I., metal, Asbestos sheets, etc. • Temporary Houses – both walls & roof made of temporary materials. • e.g. Walls made of mud, unburnt bricks, plastic, bamboo, etc., • Roof made of thatch, bamboo, wood, mud, plastic, etc. • Semi-permanent Houses – either wall or roof made of temporary materials, and the other made of permanent materials

4. Temporary Houses in Tamil Nadu – Census 2001 • 23% of households in Tamil Nadu live in temporary houses • All India average – 18% • Rural TN – 33% (1/3rd) • Urban TN – 10% (1/10th)

8. Huts in Rural Tamil Nadu • Estimate of number of Huts to be replaced • Census 2001 figures • Less IAY Allocations • Add for natural growth rate • 21 Lakhs, over a six-year period under State funds

9. IndiraAwaasYojanaAllocation to Tamil Nadu • Relying upon IAY alone will take over 30 Years to clear the backlog.

10. Kalaignar Housing Scheme • As an add-on to IAY, and much larger in scope and scale. • Tamil Nadu – the first hut-free State in the country by 2016. • By far the largest State-funded Scheme, with an annual outlay of Rs.2,250 crores (3,00,000 houses). • 2nd largest Scheme implemented by the State, next only to MGNREGS-TN with a labour budget of Rs.2900 crores.

11. Kalaignar Housing Scheme (contd.) • Replacing all Huts with Thatched Roof, irrespective of the type of the wall, with permanent houses over a 6-year period, 2011-16. • Only huts with proper title – liberal interpretation of title • In situ construction; alternative sites also provided. • About 200 square feet, RCC roof, and separate toilet – Rs.75,000 unit cost.

12. Points to Ponder • Should selection of beneficiary depend on BPL Status (like IAY), OR on Status of Housing? • Estimate of Huts, OR Enumeration of all Huts?

13. Points to Ponder (contd.) • Allocation to one-sixth of the Village Panchayats each year, covering all the huts in these Village Panchayats, OR Allocation to all Village Panchayats, covering one-sixth of the Huts? • Selection of beneficiary – by the Village Panchayat, OR Rule-based?

14. Enumeration of all Huts • Need to freeze number and list of huts as on the cut-off date (1.1.2010). • Pilot Survey conducted @ one Village Panchayat per Block (385 Blocks) in the State. • Main Survey in all Village Panchayats in the State. • Conducted during April – May, 2010.

15. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) • 3-member Enumeration Team, comprised of: • Village Administrative Officer; • Makkal Nala Paniyalar; and • Village Panchayat Assistant. • Enumeration as a ‘team’, not individually. • 3-member team mandatory. • Super-checking Official: Deputy BDO / Deputy Tahsildar/ equivalent.

16. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) • Intensive cascaded training • State level : Collectors, District Revenue Officers, Project Directors, DRDA. • District level : Deputy Collectors, Assistant Directors, Tahsildars, BDOs as Master Trainers. • Block level : Enumeration Teams and Super-checking officials.

17. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) • Enumeration Register capturing • Details about the Household. • Details about the Hut. • Details about the House-site. • Enumeration guidelines printed in each Register for ready reference. • Signature of the resident taken. • Eligibility determined and recorded by the Enumeration Team, Super-checking Official independently.

18. Enumeration of all Huts (contd.) • Best Practices • ‘Vetting’ of Enumeration Registers after one day of Enumeration • Daily Progress of Enumeration monitored at State level • Software designed to check mismatch between eligibility as determined by the Enumeration Team, and eligibility as determined by the Software.

19. Eligibility Criteria • Based on Ownership of land, and availability of ‘Identifiers’. • Land: Clear Title, Questionable Title, Land belonging to religious institutions, Unobjectionable Poramboke Land, Objectionable Poramboke Land. • Identifiers: Part No. & Serial No. in the May 2009 Parliamentary Electoral Roll, Ration card number, TNEB Service Connection Number, House Tax Assessment Number.

20. Eligibility Criteria (contd) • Huts classified as • Eligible • Conditionally Eligible • Ineligible • Determined by Enumeration Team. • Independently determined by Super-checking Official. • Finally determined by Software.

21. Enumeration Results

26. Enumeration ResultsNo. of Huts enumerated in each District(10 Districts with more than 1 lakh huts each)

27. Enumeration ResultsNo. of Huts enumerated in each District(10 Districts with 25 thousand -1 lakh huts each)

28. Enumeration ResultsNo. of Huts enumerated in each District(11 Districts with less than 25 thousand huts each)

29. 2nd round of Field Verification • Photograph of every hut with the resident standing in front, holding a board containing a new door number and serial number in the Enumeration Register. • Photograph affixed on software-generated Application-cum-Verification form, and signature of resident taken. • Collection of copies of title deed and other documents.

31. Role of Information Technology • Web-based Software developed with the assistance of NIC. • Stage 1: All entries from the Enumeration Registers entered into the KHS Database. • Distributed web-based data entry from 385 Blocks. • Stage 2: Onscreen Comparison and Confirmation, to ensure that the Database is an exact replica of the Enumeration Registers

32. Role of Information Technology (contd.) • Generation of Application-cum-Verification Forms for 2nd Round of Field Visits. • Generation of list of beneficiaries. • Generation of individual work orders. • Generation of lists of huts for follow-up action, like issue of pattas etc.

33. Allocation of Permanent Houses • To each Village Panchayat: a fixed component of 10 houses, plus a variable component in proportion to number of Eligible Huts. • Variable Component: to allot houses in proportion to the demand. • Fixed Component: so that Village Panchayats with few huts can be covered completely in the first or second year itself.

34. Allocation of Permanent Houses (contd.) • Within each Village Panchayat : Sub-allocation to each Community (ST,SC,MBC,BC,OC) in proportion to the number of Eligible Huts. • To ensure inter-Community equity. • IAY: 60% of Houses allotted to SCs/STs, causing heart-burn to non-SC/STs.

35. Allocation of Permanent Houses (contd.) • Within each Community : Habitations arranged in descending order of number of Eligible Huts of the Community, and sub-allocation of permanent houses done. • To ensure certainty and transparency in the priority of selection. • Systematic coverage of the habitations with more number of huts, for greater impact and ease of implementation.

36. Selection of Beneficiaries • Within each Habitation : A simple, fair, transparent and automatic process for selection of beneficiaries. • Beneficiaries selected in ascending order of Door Number as per the May 2009 Parliamentary Electoral Roll. • Selection of all 3 lakh beneficiaries done using the Software specially developed by NIC. • If selection had not been done in this manner – political bickering, litigation, delays of 3 to 6 months.

37. Issue of Work Orders • List of Eligible Huts generated by the Software, and placed before Grama Sabha for information on 15.8.2010 and 22.8.2010. • Work Orders generated by the Software, and issued to the beneficiaries from 26.8.2010.

38. Construction of Houses • Implemented by RD & PR Department. • Construction by Beneficiaries themselves. • Cement, Steel– supplied Departmentally. • 60 bags of cement, 155 kg steel. • Bricks • co-ordinated by Collectors. • Firm orders – lead to reduced prices. • Additional Brick Kilns by SHGs. • Sand - Additional Quarries opened in each Block exclusively for the Scheme.

39. Construction of Houses (contd.) • Masons • Mason apprentices trained under various Schemes. • Measurements taken by Overseers (Basement, Lintel level, Roof Laid stage and upon Completion). • Bills passes at Block Offices. • Payments done to beneficiaries’ Bank Accounts by the Village Panchayats.

41. KHS House model

42. The Next Steps • Issue of Eligibility card to all Eligible Huts to be covered over the next 5 years • Huts put up on Government poramboke lands – House site as well as permanent house to be allotted

43. Thank You