Selection of A Machine for A Resource

1. Selection of A Machine for A Resource P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department

5. Sharavathi Catchment Area

6. Sharavati Project The river Sharavathi originates at a height of 730m near Ambuthirtha, in Shimoga district. It flows in a north-west direction, in its long, 132-km journey. The Sharavathi is joined by several tributaries. It traverses through hilly terrain and dense forests. After a stretch of 80 km along its course, the river drops down a steep mountain face of 293m – a visually delightful spectacle known as the Jog Falls.. From this breathtaking leap, the river continues its journey till it flows into the Arabian Sea near Honnavar. The total catchment area of the river up to its confluence with the Arabian Sea is 2,774 sqkm. The basin receives a rainfall ranging between 5000-7500 mm. About 95% of the rainfall is received during the month of June to September

7. Approximate Flow Duration Curve

8. Jog Falls

9. Sharavathi Hydro Electric Project – Flow Chart

11. Sharavati Project : Reservoir & Wheel The name of the reservoir and dam is Linganamakki. This is located 9.63 km upstream of Jog Falls. The catchment area for the dam is 1991.71km2 Maximum (Average) discharge possible for Power Generation : 315 – 473 Cumecs. Techno-economically feasible discharge : 285 cumecs. The top of the dam is 1819 feet (554m) above sea level. The area of the dam is 300km2 The storage capacity of the Reservoir is : 4,419.26 million cubic meters. Submerging 50.62 km² of wetland and 7 km² of dry land, the remaining being forest land and wasteland.[

12. Lingamakki Dam

13. Sharavati Generating Station Capacity:1035 MW. Head avaialabe: 443 m Specific Speed: 0.1231N

14. Selection of Speed of A Turbo Machine

16. Final Acceptable design of Sharavati Project

18. Sharavathi Power Unit

19. The Hindu News Dated February 7, 1958: Sharavathi project Mr. S.K. Patil, Union Minister for Power and Irrigation, inaugurated on February 5 the Rs. 40-crore Sharavathi Hydro-Electric Project at Linganmakki, five miles from Gerosappa Falls. Mysore has been the pioneer in generating electricity, her first attempt at power generating dating to 1902. The Sharavathi project is the biggest step taken in the development of power in the State. The Union Minister paid a tribute to the skill and efficiency of Mysore engineers. The Chief Minister of Mysore Mr. S. Nijalingappa, who presided, said, “The hydro-electric potential of the river systems in the State is vast and it is estimated that it would be possible to generate as much as three million kW by harnessing the several rivers and streams."

20. Performance during the year 2009-2010 Generation during the year was 26020 MU as against 25080 MU during the previous year. Turnover during the year was Rs.4397 crores as against Rs.4148 crores during the previous year, increase in energy sales in thermal and DG Plant. Profit before tax during the year was at Rs.711 crores as against Rs.392 crores during the previous year.

21. Philosophy of Specific Speed For the same jump and power to develop, they can be projected as many buns as it is wanted. They will differ among them in the diameter, height and number of paddles and of course in the real number of revolutions per minute n and in the specific speed Ns. This last fact will determine the characteristics of the bun to adopt. To be related this value with the performances obtained in the similar turbine, in function of the different requested loads, being these performances identical to those that will be obtained in the turbine to build. In the same turbine type, the bigger the number of specific rotations, the smaller the buns diameter and, logically, smaller the number of paddles or shovels.

23. Pelton Turbines Pelton turbine is the only impulse turbine, named in honour of L.A. Pelton (1829- 1908) of California, USA. It is an efficient turbine particularly suited to high heads with efficiencies often more than 90%. Single nozzle impulse turbines have a flat efficiency curve and may be operated down to loads of 20% of rated capacity with good efficiency. For multi-nozzle units, the range is even broader because the number of operating jets can be varied.

24. Hydro Electric Plant with High Heads

25. HEPP with Pelton Wheel

26. Parts of Pelton Turbine The main components of a Pelton turbine are: (i) water distributor and casing, (ii) nozzle and deflector with their operating mechanism, (iii) runner with buckets, (iv) shaft with bearing, (v) auxiliary nozzle. Auxiliary nozzle is used as brake for reducing the speed during shut down. The runner is located above maximum tail water to permit operation at atmospheric pressure.

27. Key Parts of Pelton Turbine

28. Different Layouts of Pelton Turbine Arrangement of Jets Arrangement of Runners Arrangements of Turbine Shaft

29. Arrangement of Jets

30. Arrangement of Runners

31. Runner with Buckets The runner consists of a circular disc with a number (usually more than 15) of buckets evenly spaced around its periphery. Each bucket is divided vertically into two parts by a splitter that has a sharp edge at the centre and the buckets look like a double hemispherical cup. The striking jet of water is divided into two parts by the splitter.

32. A notch made near the edge of the outer rim of each bucket is carefully sharpened to ensure a loss-free entry of the jet into the buckets, i.e., the path of the jet is not obstructed by the incoming buckets.

33. Bucket Displacement Diagram