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Deathstalker ( Leiurus quinquestriatus )

Deathstalker ( Leiurus quinquestriatus ). Tatsuki Furukawa. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion. Contents. Video. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion. Contents. Description. Deathstalker is

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Deathstalker ( Leiurus quinquestriatus )

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  1. Deathstalker(Leiurusquinquestriatus) Tatsuki Furukawa

  2. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion Contents

  3. Video

  4. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion Contents

  5. Description • Deathstalker is • a species of scorpion, a member of thebuthiade family. • yellow in color, and measures 80-110 mm long. • is the 3rd most venomous scorpion in the world.

  6. Description (continued) Habitat Deathstalkeris mainly living in the dessert, especially in the Sahara Desert.

  7. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion Contents

  8. Venom • Its venom is a powerful cocktail of... • Chlorotoxin • Charybdtoxin • Scyllatoxin • Agitoxins • type 1, 2 and 3 The venom is 3 times powerful as a king cobra's one! (L/D50=0.1-0.01 mg/body wt. kg)

  9. Chlorotoxin (CLTX) • It's a 36-amino acid peptide. • Blocks small-conductance Cl- channels. • Duration of paralysis depends onthe amount of injection. • May become a treatment and diagnosisof several types of cancer.

  10. Chlorotoxin (CLTX) Example of how long the paralysis of CLTX will be working 0.5 µg/g body wt. Recover after 2 hours. After ±20 sec. : loss of motor control. After ±60 sec. : progressed to a rigid paralysis of the walking and pincer legs that was complete. Within ±90 sec. : the tail musculature was immobilized. After 6 hours, no recovery was noted at which time the crayfish weredestroyed. 1.23-2.23 µg/g body wt.

  11. Chlorotoxin (CLTX) Therapeutic use • The fact that chlorotoxin binds preferentially to glioma cells compared with non-neoplastic cells or normal brain cells has allowed the development of new methods for the treatment and diagnosis of several types of cancer. In short, CLTX can be a breakthroughfor the brain cancer!

  12. Chlorotoxin (CLTX) Example of therapeutic use • Tumor paint (CLTX + Cy5.5) Combination of CLTX and Cy5.5, fluorescent coloring matter. Applying the selectivity that CLTX can connect to glioma cells to a visualization of brain tumors. It will helpsurgeons for removing all tumors during a operation.

  13. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion Contents

  14. Scorpion vs. Spider Commonalities Differences Scorpion has astinger at the end of their tail to inject venom. apair of pinchers to hold onto a prey. Spider has apair of fungs to inject vanom. silk to trap a prey. They are... • Classified as arachinds. • Number of legs : 8 • Thought as feared animals. • Predatory • Prey : Insects

  15. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion Contents

  16. How to Avoid Scorpion Scorpion has the cuticle in its outer layer of skin. The Cuticlewill react to black light and willbe illuminated in the greencolour. So you can find ascorpion with black light inthe darkness.

  17. Movie Description Venom Scorpion vs. Spider How to Avoid Scorpion Conclusion Contents

  18. Conclusion • Deathstalker has a dangerous cocktail of venoms. • The power of its venom is not enough to kill an adult. But it could kill a young child. • Its venom can be used for the therapeutic use as a treatment of a brain tumor.

  19. Thank you for your attention!!

  20. Antivenom • Twyford, Sanofi Pasteur and Antivenom and Vacctine Production Center produced antivenom for the treatment of deathstalker envenomations. • In USA and other countries, there is none of the existiong antivenoms are approved by Food and Drag Administration. • The US Armed Forces maintains an Investigational drugapplicaiton for the AVPC-Riyadh antivenom.

  21. How venom works Outside cell Ions Channel Muscle cells Inside cell Showing how nerves work in our body.

  22. How venom works Venom (CLTX) Outside cell Ions Channel Inside cell Showing how venoms work in our body.

  23. Charybdotoxin (CTX) • It's a 37-amino acid peptide. • Blocks calcium-activated potassium channels. →It causes hyperexcitability of the nervous system. • Close homoloque of agitoxin.

  24. Scyllatoxin • Blocks of small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. • Induces spoutaneous contractions in guinea pig taenia coli muscle cells.

  25. Agitoxin It's a 38 animo acids. Three types of agitoxin can be distinguished, such as type 1,2 and 3. They are highly homologious, differing only in the identify of the residues at positions 7, 15, 29 and 31. Function Agitoxin binds to the Shaker K+ channel. It blocks this channel by binding with high affinity to its external vestiblue.

  26. References Deathstalker http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deathstalker Scorpion Venom http://askabiologist.asu.edu/venom/scorpion_venom Chlorotoxin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorotoxin Why Painting Tumors Could Make Brain Surgeons Better http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/09/12/221060071/why-painting- tumors-could-make-brain-surgeons-better Poison (Japanese) http://www.geocities.jp/scubadive21/sub/mame/poison.htm Scorpion Poison –Point of View from Neurotoxin- (Japanese) http://ameblo.jp/plus-science/entry-11635039977.html

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