Chris Becker

1. Chris Becker Multimedia Project 4/10/2011

2. Objectives • Identify the characteristics of the Earth’s crust, mantle, and core. • Describe Earth’s land features.

3. 3 layers of the Earth: the crust, mantel, and the core crust – The outermost layer of the Earth mantel – The engine of the Earth core - Center of the Earth which contains an outer and inner portion.

4. Earth’s Layers The crust – The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth. You can think of the Earth’s crust as the skin. How thick is the crust? Actually, the top layer of the Earth is thin where you will find rocks, mountains, soil, and water. There are two types of crust: Continental and Oceanic. Continental crust - mostly made up of granite Oceanic crust – mostly made up of basalt The Mantel – As we move down through the Earth, the next section we would find would be the mantel. The Earth’s mantel is broken into two sections: The lithosphere and the asthenosphere. The lithosphere is the top layer of the Mantel closest to the crust. The Core – The core is the innermost part of the Earth. The core is broken into two layers as well: The inner and outer core. Inner Core – Made of solid iron and nickel Outer Core – Liquid characteristics

5. Earth’s Layers

6. Land Features of Earth Have you ever pulled apart a candy bar? If you have, you know that the materials that make up the candy bar stretch as you pull them apart. The Earth's crust operates in the same manner. Enormous forces pull and squeeze the crust causing large amounts of stress. What is stress? Because stress is a force, it provides energy to the rock. The energy is stored in the rock until the rock changes shape or breaks. The picture is an example of stress to the Earth’s surface.

7. How the stress forces affect the Earth's rock

8. Conclusion Earth’s Layers Remember the layers of the Earth are like an onion. They are broken into a ridged crust made of two parts: the continental crust and the oceanic crust. Underneath the crust is the mantle, which is broken into two pieces: the ridged upper mantle known as the lithosphere and the ridged/flowing asthenosphere. The innermost layer of the Earth is the core. The inner core is made of solid iron and nickel, and the outer core has liquid characteristics.

9. Land Features Forces in the Earth's crust are constantly changing.  Stress exists in three main ways that lead to rock faulting.  As the faults react to the various stresses acting on them, many different types of land features are created.  Some of the land features that result include mountains and plateaus.