1 / 12

GLOBES Conference Tel Aviv, Israel December 2008

GLOBES Conference Tel Aviv, Israel December 2008 THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC EXPERIENCE WITH IMMIGRATION Barry R. Chiswick University of Illinois at Chicago and IZA – Institute for the Study of Labor 11/25/08. Immigration to the U.S. Legal Immigration per year Number of people

violet-yang
Download Presentation

GLOBES Conference Tel Aviv, Israel December 2008

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GLOBES Conference Tel Aviv, Israel December 2008 THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC EXPERIENCE WITH IMMIGRATION Barry R. Chiswick University of Illinois at Chicago and IZA – Institute for the Study of Labor 11/25/08 Barry R. Chiswick

  2. Immigration to the U.S. Legal Immigration per year Number of people Recently: 1.0 million 1950s: 250,000 1905-1914 (peak): 1.0 million Return Migration Foreign Born Population Proportion of U.S. Population 2008: 13.0 percent 1970 (low point) : 4.7 percent Barry R. Chiswick

  3. Immigration by Type of Visa 2007 Barry R. Chiswick

  4. Origins of Legal Immigrants, 2007Total Number: 1,052,416 Barry R. Chiswick

  5. Illegal Immigration Apprehensions: • 1.0 to 1.8 million/year since 1976 • Now about 1.0 million/year • 85 to 90 percent Mexicans apprehended at the border Stock: • Estimated at 12 million Skills: • Primarily very low skilled Barry R. Chiswick

  6. U. S. Immigration in Recent Decades • Increase in high-skilled immigration • (legal – H1-B, permanent and temporary) • Sectors: High technology, science and engineering, IT, Medicine, R&D • Raised US productivity, productivity potential, and global competitiveness Barry R. Chiswick

  7. U. S. Immigration in Recent Decades • Increase in low-skilled immigration (very large) • Sectors: Service, Construction, Agriculture, Manufacturing • Increased competition with low-skilled native workers (esp. for low-skilled minorities) Barry R. Chiswick

  8. U. S. Immigration in Recent Decades • Likely Net Effects: • Increased Inequality in skills • Increased U.S. Productivity • Increased wage inequality • Increased public transfers more than taxes Barry R. Chiswick

  9. U.S. Prospects for the Future Near Term: • Reduced number of visas for skilled workers (permanent and temporary) during recession • Amnesty (“Earned Legalization”) for millions of illegal immigrants Longer Term: • Continued emphasis on Kinship visas (Ethnic Politics) • Post-recession increases in Temporary High-Skill visas • Continued growth in illegal migrant population vs. Workplace Enforcement Barry R. Chiswick

  10. Global Prospects for the Future • Continued Fall in Costs of information and transportation • Continued spread of English as the International Language of Science, Technology, Business, and Higher Education Trade (Goods and Services): • Two-way Street • Continued movement toward Free Trade (reduced tarriff and non-tarriff barriers) Barry R. Chiswick

  11. Global Prospects for the Future Migration From LDCs to DCs: • One-way Street • Continued migration pressures • Transfer Programs & Property Rights • (Taxes and Transfers) • Income Distribution • Immigration Restrictions • Enforcement Problems in Liberal Democracies Barry R. Chiswick

  12. Global Prospects for the Future Migration Among DCs: • High degree of international transferability of skills • Global businesses • Migration policies favor high-skilled workers (Permanent and Temporary) • Increasing Globalization of the High-Skilled Labor Market • Implications for: • Earnings • Migration Flows • Technological Change • Economic Progress Barry R. Chiswick

More Related