KS4 P1 Revision EGT Electricity Generation Transmission

1. KS4 P1 RevisionEGT Electricity Generation & Transmission Contents Slide 2&3 National Grid & Transformers Slide 4-15 Energy From Non-renewables Slide 4&5 Non-renewables & environmental affects Slide 6 Fission Slide 7-14 How we get energy out of non-renewables Slide 15 Start up times Slide 16-25 Energy From Renewables Slide 16 Non-renewables Slide 17 Wind Slide 18 Wave Slide 19 Hydroelectric Slide 20 Tidal Slide 21 Solar Cells Slide 22 Solar Furnace Slide 23 Solar Panels Slide 24 Geothermal Slide 25 Biomass

2. The National Grid Electricity is transferred from power station to … …consumers… …along the national grid Many power stations are linked together so each part of the country is not dependent on the power stations near by

3. Step up transformers INCREASE the voltage from the power stations. This REDUCES the current needed to deliver a given amount of power. Having a smaller current heats the cables up less, so less power is wasted. Step-down transformers make the electricity safer to use domestically.

4. Coal Oil Natural Gas Nuclear

5. Coal Oil Natural Gas Nuclear

16. Wind Wave Hydroelectric (HEP) Tidal Solar Cells Solar Furnace Solar Panels Geothermal Biomass

17. Wind Wind turns the turbine blades. The turbine turns a generator… …which produces electricity Many wind turbines together => “wind farm” Cons Very “dilute” energy source so need thousands of wind turbines Unreliable – it’s not always windy Visual & noise pollution

18. Cons Still experimental technology Only a few suitable sites Pros Most power available in winter No emissions of carbon dioxide (global warming & acid rain) No emissions of sulfur dioxide (acid rain)

19. Pros Proven technology More predictable than wind / wave / solar Can produce considerable amount of power, comparable to a conventional power station Very short start up time Cons Floods valleys (farm land / population have to move) V expensive capital costs (ie v expensive to build) Depends on rain fall. Only a few suitable sites

20. Pros Lots of power from big barrage schemes Very predictable Big barrages are existing technology Cons Barrages change the ecosystem in esturies (affecting wildlife) Only a few suitable sites (ones with a big “tidal range”) Very expensive to build

21. Pros No emissions Good as a source of electricity in out of the way places eg satellites, ocean going small boats Cons Efficiency low & cost per unit of electricity high - but these may improve with future development & increased usage Unreliable – produces some power in dull conditions, but more in bright sunlight

22. Pros Large scale power production Cons Unreliable New technology Still relatively expensive because new & not wide spread

23. Pros Reduce domestic bills Reduce non-renewable energy use Cons Not compatible with all heating systems More complicated than existing domestic plumbing

24. Cons Only a few suitable sites Visual pollution

25. Pros Carbon neutral Cons Might displace food crops, leading to increased food prices.