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Chapter 1; Section 2 Themes in Biology

Chapter 1; Section 2 Themes in Biology. Diversity and Unity of Life Interdependence of Organisms Evolution of Life. 1. Diversity and Unity of Life. Diversity refers to the variety of life forms that exist. Unity refers to features that all living things have in common

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Chapter 1; Section 2 Themes in Biology

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  1. Chapter 1; Section 2Themes in Biology Diversity and Unity of Life Interdependence of Organisms Evolution of Life

  2. 1. Diversity and Unity of Life • Diversity refers to the variety of life forms that exist

  3. Unity refers to features that all living things have in common • (the 7 characteristics of life) • And…the genetic code- the rules that govern how cells use hereditary information in DNA

  4. The Tree of Life • Organisms that are more closely related are placed on branches that are close together in a tree of life

  5. All organisms can be divided into 3 domains: • Domain Bacteria • Domain Archaea • Domain Eukarya • To which domain do we belong? • Eukarya, which consists of animals, plants and fungi.

  6. All life can also be divided into 6 kingdoms… • Kingdom Animalia • Kingdom Plantae • Kingdom Protista • Kingdom Fungi • Kingdom Archaea • Kingdom Bacteria

  7. 2. Interdependence of Organisms • Ecology- the study of organisms interacting with each other and with the environment

  8. Ecosystems- communities of living species and their physical environments • Includes both the living and nonliving things in an area

  9. 3. Evolution of Life • Individual organisms change during their lifetime, but their genetic characteristics do not change.

  10. Evolution-(descent with modification)- the process in which inherited characteristics within populations change over generations • -explains how organisms are related to other organisms and organisms that lived in the past

  11. May even result in a new species being developed

  12. Why does evolution occur? • (How can genetic makeups be changed over time?) • By natural selection…which is… • Organisms having certain favorable traits that make them better able to survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms that lack these traits

  13. Adaptations of a …? • Large feet • Short ears • White coat in winter • Brown coat in spring • 2-3 litters per year • Ave. life span= 1 year • Fast and nimble

  14. Just for review… • Describe why evolution is important in explaining the diversity of life. • The survival of organisms with favorable traits causes a change in populations over generations. These changes, or evolution, help explain diversity

  15. Distinguish between evolution and natural selection. • Evolution is a change in inherited traits of a population over time. In natural selection, organisms with favorable traits are better able to survive and reproduce.

  16. According to the “tree” in figure 1-5 (p. 10) which of these pairs are more closely related: • A. Archaea: Bacteria • B. Archaea: Eukarya

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