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Absolutism

Absolutism. Response to Crisis in Europe. Absolutism. One response to the crises in Europe during the 17 th century was to seek more stability by increasing the power of the kings and queens Absolutism- ruler holds total power It was tied to the divine right of kings. Monarchies.

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Absolutism

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  1. Absolutism Response to Crisis in Europe

  2. Absolutism • One response to the crises in Europe during the 17th century was to seek more stability by increasing the power of the kings and queens • Absolutism- ruler holds total power • It was tied to the divine right of kings

  3. Monarchies • Constitutional Monarchy- King or queen rules the country by following the Constitution • Absolute Monarchy- King or queen rule the country without any say so by anyone else or a Constitution

  4. Absolute Rulers • Louis XIV of France • Frederick William the Great Elector of Prussia • Ivan the Terrible of Russia • Peter the Great of Russia

  5. Louis XIV of France

  6. Louis XIV of France • Louis became King of France in 1643. He was four years old. • Cardinal Mazarin, chief justice, took control of the country • Nobles were unhappy with the growing power of the monarchy, so they rebelled • The rebellion was crushed- many people were happy because they wanted stability

  7. Louis XIV of France • Cardinal Mazarin died when Louis was 23 • Louis took the throne • He wanted to be a “real” king, so he took his job very seriously • Many people, including his mother, did not take him seriously

  8. Louis XIV of France • He had a strict routine • Called himself the Sun King- source of light for his people • Built the palace of Versailles (handout) • Personal home of the king • Chief offices of the state were there, so he could keep an eye on them • Very expensive

  9. Louis XIV • Had complete control over foreign policy, the Church, and taxes • Kept his enemies very close • Closed Huguenot churches and schools • 200,000 Huguenots leave France • He died in 1715, leaving France in chaos ($ and wars)

  10. Frederick William the Great Elector • Ruler of Prussia • Prussia was a small, open territory that could easily be attacked • He built an army of 40,000 men • Took completely control of all government in the territory • Helped the country economically • Promoted religious tolerance

  11. Ivan the Terrible of Russia • Czar of Russia • He expanded the Russian territory eastward • Crushed the power of the Russian nobility • He earned his name- very mean ruler • He shot peasants with bow and arrow for fun • Killed his own son!

  12. Peter the Great of Russia • Became czar in 1689 • Believed in the divine right of kings • Wanted to modernize Russia • Grew the army to 210,000 men • Created the first Russian navy • Developed a book of manners for Russians • Made Russian men shave off their beards and shorten their coats

  13. A New Way of Thinking • Many people did not agree with absolutism • New political thought- Thomas Hobbes and John Locke • Both from England • Hobbes- believed in absolutism • Locke- believed in natural rights (life, liberty, and property

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