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Toronto, May 4 – 5, 2006

Standby Power… The Phantom Menace Nathalie Péloquin, ing. Senior Standards Engineer Isabelle Saint-Laurent Account Mgr, Industrial Sector Office of Energy Efficiency. Toronto, May 4 – 5, 2006. Table of contents. Standby Power Definition Trends Scope – Residential and Commercial

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Toronto, May 4 – 5, 2006

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  1. Standby Power… The Phantom MenaceNathalie Péloquin, ing.Senior Standards EngineerIsabelle Saint-LaurentAccount Mgr, Industrial SectorOffice of Energy Efficiency Toronto, May 4 – 5, 2006

  2. Table of contents • Standby Power • Definition • Trends • Scope – Residential and Commercial • Addressing The Issue • What is being done now • Strategies for the future • Next Steps • Contact Info • Roundtable Discussion

  3. What is Standby Power? • The energy used by equipment while it is turned “off” – i.e. not being used or not performing its primary function. • Used to power a built-in clock, respond to programming or to remote commands. • External energy supplies (“battery packs”) consume power the moment they are plugged into an outlet. A.K.A. …vampire loads… phantom loads… leaking electricity… waiting electricity… free-running power… off-mode power…

  4. Unplugged Standby operating modes Source: Lawrence Berkley National Laboratories

  5. …and more Standby Power is found all around the house

  6. Standby 1980 1990 2000 2010 1970 A growing concern Source: Benoit Lebot, International Energy Agency (IEA)

  7. MW used in residential standby in Canada: 600 Amount of MW used under a one-watt scenario: 157 46 8 63 15 3 123 21 2 17 15 41 178 1 11 5 6 14 58 4 5 How big is the problem? A very conservative estimate averages 50W per household, roughly equivalent to leaving a 40W light bulb on all the time. Equivalent # of households taken off the grid in a year: 431,187 Based on 2004 figures

  8. Trends – Residential Standby Consumption Scenarios: Business As UsualversusOne-Watt Best Case Scenario: if all products were to operate at One-Watt Standby Potential Savings: 1,110 MW, 2.4 Mt 227 MW -Capacity of a coal fired power plant Source: Standby Power – Status and Trends in Canada, A. Zyzniewski, NRCan 2004.

  9. Commercial Standby Power • Current data on standby in the Commercial Sector is more limited • Definition of standby power and low-power modes is less clear-cut • Addresses plug load • What about the many other devices that draw standby in commercial buildings? • Elevators, • Exit signs, • Emergency lighting, and • HVAC equipment

  10. Research overview

  11. Estimates of C/I Standby Use • Scenario 1: 10% of electricity is used by standby • 47.36 PJ • 1,500 MW • 1,461,728 households • Scenario 2: 15 kWh/m2 is used in standby • 547.8 million m2 of office space in Canada (2003) • 938 MW • 913,000 households • Even a simple reduction of 10% in standby power use would be equivalent to removing ~100,000 households from the grid…

  12. Contributions to total standby energy consumption Computers...a big part of plug load • Findings of a study of plug load in local government buildings done in Australia in ‘04-’05 • Standby power consumption is decreasing, with the exception of desktop computers • Equipment types werefound to have relatively high enablement rates, except for computers. Computer 49% Monitor 28% Source: Australian Greenhouse Office Study, 2005

  13. kW saved if 50% of computers enabled CPM: 70,520 Equivalent # of households taken off the grid in a year: 68,639 1,459 6,681 2,038 1,420 6,503 8,862 1,984 282 16,033 29,749 275 8,625 2,038 15,606 1,476 28,956 1,901 1,984 1,437 1,851 ENERGY STAR®Computer Power Mgt (CPM) • 98% of computers are shipped with ENERGY STAR CPM, but < 10% are enabled*. * Source: Lawrence Berkley National Laboratories

  14. Initiative for energy efficient PCs • Targets the internal power supplies of desktop computers and desktop-derived servers • 80% or greater efficiency at 20%, 50% and 100% of rated load • True power factor of 0.9 or greater • Offers utilities an opportunity to secure energy and peak savings in the Commercial / Institutional sector • Creates early market traction for the upcoming ENERGY STAR®specification revision.

  15. Initiative Overview Utilities Provide financial incentives Comm / Inst Buyers Provide energy savings Manufacturers Provide energy-efficient products

  16. Potential • Savings of 700 to 2,435 kWh per unit, over the lifetime of a desktop computer or server. • Low acquisition cost • 1.3¢ per kWh (TRC) • 1.9 ¢ per kWh (UCT) Source: Assessment of the Canadian PC Market, Dunsky Energy Consulting, 2006

  17. Current Canadian activities • The ENERGY STAR® Initiative: • Development and maintenance of criteria • Promotion of symbol to increase awareness • Inclusion of ENERGY STAR in Federal Green Procurement Policies • Technical • Preliminary analysis of Canadian situation (NRCan) • Technical Committees consider standby as existing standards are revised and new ones developed • Standby is addressed on an equipment specific basis by stakeholders (e.g. manufacturers, industry groups, etc.) • Update regulations where appropriate. • Programs • Such as support of 80 PLUS initiative in Canada

  18. ENERGY STAR®: part of a Standby strategy • Standby power consumption addressed in consumer electronics; • Tiered levels and continual criteria revisions ensure tightened levels. • TV,DVD,VCR, Combo, Audio products, cordless phone, Battery Charging system, External Power supplies • Develop strategic initiatives to encourage use of low-power and sleep modes.

  19. , 1999  1 July 1 ‘03  1 July 1 ‘03  1 July 1 ‘03  1 Jan 1 ‘03 Jan 1 ‘06 Jan 1 ‘06 Jan 1 ‘06  2 Jul 1 ‘07  1-2 Mar 1 ‘07  2 July 1 ‘06  2 July 1 ‘06  1  1 July 1 ‘05 July 1 ‘05  1 July 1 ‘05 Measurements of standby power for appliances in a typical US home* ENERGY STAR maximum standby power specification International Energy Agency’s One-Watt Initiative * Source: Alan Meier, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBL)

  20. Next steps • Need for better understanding of scope of issue in Canada • Studies to supplement current info on residential • Studies to bring sound info on commercial • Assemble a committee of stakeholders willing to tackle the issue • Develop and implement a strong Canadian policy

  21. Roundtable discussion Chair: Julia McNally Manager of Planning, Coordinating and Reporting Ontario Power Authority

  22. Discussion topic Can Canada reach a goal of1 watt (or less) by 2010? 1W

  23. How could this be achieved? • Establish evaluation criteria and track results. • Establish Canadian consumer electronics database. • Work with industry groups to gather shipment data of equipment including share of ENERGY STAR (standby). • Examine the potential of voluntary targets with industry. • Implement low-standby within the green procurement policy of the Federal Government and challenge the industry to follow suit. • Adopt standby loss in Regulations. • Adopt current ENERGY STAR MEPS or past tier levels • Others…

  24. Backup Slides

  25. International Activities • International Energy Agency (IEA) One-Watt Stand-by Power Initiative • Various Standby Initiatives: • European Union, the United Kingdom, United States, and Japan • Government Procurement Policies: • Australia, United States (FEMP) and European Union • Australia has formally adopted a “one-watt plan”

  26. International Activities

  27. Mouse Pad Poster Tent Card Desktop leave behind US Power Management Campaign Material

  28. 80 PLUS Potential • Savings range from $20 to $68 over the lifetime of the computer. • Conservative estimate on the low end as most business PCs do not get turned off or go to standby at night. * Assumes that PCs are turned on 8hrs/day, off during non-work hours, and servers are on 24/7. ** The reduction in losses due to reduced or eliminated harmonic currents is estimated to be 4%. *** Assuming an average cost of $0.08/kWh - but NO demand charge

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