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World War II Begins

World War II Begins. A Dark Time for the Allies. Winston Churchill. Prime Minister of Britain during WWII. Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact. August 23, 1939 Germany and Russia promise not to attack each other. This allows Hitler to start WWII without worrying about fighting a two front war.

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World War II Begins

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  1. World War II Begins A Dark Time for the Allies

  2. Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain during WWII

  3. Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact • August 23, 1939 • Germany and Russia promise not to attack each other. • This allows Hitler to start WWII without worrying about fighting a two front war.

  4. The world was stunned • The biggest enemies of the Nazis (aside from the Jews) had been the Communists

  5. They agree to divide up Poland

  6. Allies vs. Axis • Allies • Britain • France • Soviet Union • United States • 45 other smaller nations

  7. Allies vs. Axis • Axis • Germany • Italy • Japan

  8. Allies – Label and color in the Allies Great Britain Soviet Union France

  9. Axis – Label and color in the Axis powers Germany Italy

  10. Hitler invades Poland • September 1939 • Hitler and the Soviet Union invade • Find Poland on your map • Draw a line from Germany to Poland. Label it 1939 • Draw a line from Soviet Union to Poland. Label it 1939

  11. Poland

  12. Poland Soviet Union Germany Poland

  13. How did Hitler win? • Blitzkrieg • “lightning war” • Planes bomb airfields, factories, towns and cities • Then fast moving tanks and troop transports roared into the country

  14. Why did Hitler use Blitzkrieg • Trench Warfare was useless, Blitzkrieg got you land! • Planes changed things

  15. How long did it take? • Poland fell in a little over 2 weeks • Hitler did not make another aggressive move until spring of 1940

  16. Hitler attacks France • Spring 1940 • Goes in through the Netherlands and Belgium • Allied troops escape defeat at Dunkirk by using military and civilian boats to get across English channel • Germans head south toward Paris

  17. Map work • Label Netherlands and Belgium on your map • At the boarder between France and Belgium next to the English Channel place a dot and label that Dunkirk

  18. Netherlands and Belgium

  19. Netherlands and Belgium Netherlands Belgium Dunkirk

  20. Map of Dunkirk • 300,000 Allied troops flee to England by boat

  21. But France is not saved • Hitler moves on Paris from the north and Italy moves in from the south • By June 22, 1940 Hitler controls France • Set up Nazi government in Vichy, France

  22. Hitler in Paris

  23. Hitler in Paris

  24. Hitler in Paris

  25. Map Work • Draw an arrow from Germany through the Netherlands and Belgium and then down into France. Label it 1940 • Draw an arrow from Italy up to France and label it 1940

  26. France Falls

  27. Battle for Britain • By June 1940 Britain stands alone against Axis powers • Hitler starts Operation Sea Lion – to invade Britain

  28. Battle for Britain • But he will bomb them first to weaken them – August 12, 1940 • British Royal Air Force vs. the Luftwaffe (German Air force) • First it is just against military targets

  29. London Blitz • September 7 1940 • Lasts 57 nights • 15,000 civilians die • Live your life by the Air Raid siren • Hide in cellars, bomb shelters, cold subways • Wait till the all clear

  30. London Blitz • A spotter searches the horizon for German aircraft.

  31. London Blitz • Bomber headed for London.

  32. Air Raid Siren • Hide in the Tube!!!

  33. London Blitz • St. Patrick’s Cathedral stands as a beacon of hope among the smoke and flames in London

  34. London Blitz

  35. London Blitz • Firemen work on a blaze. A daily occurrence during the height of German bombing in London.

  36. London Blitz • Confused women stand among the ruins of a demolished building.

  37. London Blitz • Children survey the wreckage of another destroyed building.

  38. Winston Churchill – Inspires his people

  39. It Failed • The city did not break under the attack • Bombing failed to crush the British, instead it brought them together. By June 1941 Hitler gave up the London Blitz

  40. Battle for the Soviet Union • June 1941 • He wants living space • Lebensraum • Attacked France for revenge • He wants to expand Germany to the east

  41. Battle for the Soviet Union • 3 million Germans pour into Russia • 2.5 million Russian soldiers die trying to fend off German • By Autumn 1941 Germans were deep into the Soviet Union and poised to take Leningrad and Moscow

  42. Map Work • Draw an arrow from Germany deep into the Soviet Union label it 1941

  43. Battle for the Soviet Union

  44. Not good

  45. Hitler is about to win! • It is a dark time for Europe

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