1 Introduction: describing and explaining L2 acquisition

1. 1Introduction: describing and explaining L2 acquisition SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION ROD ELLIS By Wakhyu Budi Utami 2201410106

2. Second Language Acquisition (SLA) The study of the way in which people learn a language other than their mother tongue

3. The goals SLA • To describe how L2 acquisition proceed • To explain this process and why some learners seem be better at it than others External factrors Internal Factrors

4. Two case study=detailed study of a learner’s of an L2 • A case study of an adult learners (naturalistic surrounding) The research of Richard Schmidt on how the development of a Japanese native speaker, Wes, on English grammar knowledge At the beginning of Wes study: • All day I’m sitting on the table • So yesterday I didn’t painting

5. Two case study • A case study of two child learners on classroom 1st capable to perform simple requests even they knew very little English 2nd manifest development in their ability, in particular in alternative way

6. Methodological issues • Determining the issue that needs to be described. - Wes development in learning L2; grammatical, ability. • Determining whether the learner has acquire a particular feature of target language. - Wes might know how to make plural but not always add s. • Measure whether “acquisition” has taken place concerns learners’ overuse of lingusitic forms. - Wes knew how to use present progressive but sometimes he use it in the context that did not require it.

7. Issues in the explanantion of L2 acquisistion From the descriptive findings: Learners must enggage in item learning and system learning • Item learning= When J and R learned the expression “Can I have...” • System learning= they learned the rule of using “can”. Explanation: Learners followed developmental pattern Their mental faculties are structured in such a way

8. 2The Nature of Learner Language

9. Errors and error analysis • The difference of errors and mistakes: • Errors reflect gaps in a learner’s knowledge; they occur because the learner does not know what is correct • Mistakes reflect occasional lapses in performance; they occur because the learner is unable to perform what he or she know • Note: check the consistency of learner’s performance to distinguish errors and mistakes.

10. Developmental patterns The early stages of L2 acquisition: • L2 learner, if they’re children undergo silent period • Begin to speak two particular characteristic • Produce speech that is proportional simplification • Begin to learn grammar of the L2 The order of acquisition: • There is definite accuracy order, it remains more or less the same irrespective of the learner’s mother tongue, age, etc. Sequence of acquisition: • Process involving transitional constructions.

11. Variability Altough L2 learners sometimes make free variation, variability in learner language is systematic. The use of: • Linguistic sources in predictable ways • The spesific grammatical forms Variability plays an integrative part in overall patternof development.

12. Thank you