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CH. 3 Lesson 2

CH. 3 Lesson 2. About 3150 B.C. Menes, the king of Upper Egypt, led his army into Lower Egypt. wearing a double crown that looked like this. The white crown of. Upper Egypt was put on top the red crown of Lower Egypt. This was done after. Egypt was unified. =.

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CH. 3 Lesson 2

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  1. CH. 3 Lesson 2

  2. About 3150 B.C. Menes, the king of Upper Egypt, led his army into Lower Egypt

  3. wearing a double crown that looked like this. The white crown of

  4. Upper Egypt was put on top the red crown of Lower Egypt. This was done after

  5. Egypt was unified. =

  6. The word pharaohactually means “great house”.

  7. Hieroglyphicsthe ancient system of writing developed by the Egyptians was

  8. called “sacred carvings.”

  9. For over two thousand years archaeologists did not know how to read

  10. hieroglyphics. During the late 1700’s when France and England were

  11. Battling to control the world a French soldier discovered a large tablet during

  12. the building of the walls of a fort near the town of Rosetta on the Nile.

  13. The Rosetta Stonewas a large stone that had one passage written in three

  14. types of writing: Ancient Greek, demonic, and hieroglyphics.

  15. The Rosetta stone was finally deciphered in 1822 by Jean Francois

  16. Champollion.

  17. During the Old Kingdom the pharaoh’s were considered the sons of their main

  18. god Ra or Amon Ra. At this time the beliefs of the people caused them to work at

  19. the preparation for the “afterlife” or “next world” which was more important than

  20. their life on Earth. The tombs of the pharaoh and wealthy people were filled with all

  21. the objects they used on Earth. This was done so that the individual would have

  22. everything they need with them in the next world.

  23. Great care was taken to prepare their pharaoh’s for burial. A process called

  24. mummification, which lasted 70 days, was used to preserve their bodies.

  25. First the organs of the body were removed and stored in jars, called canopic

  26. jars.

  27. Nest the body was washed, rubbed with oils and perfumes, and wrapped in

  28. linen bandages with small ritual amulets.

  29. Finally the mummy, or preserved body, was placed in a coffin which was

  30. decorated to look like the buried individual. This was done so that the person’s spirit

  31. or “Ka” could recognize their body.

  32. Building had begun on the largest of Egypt’s three pyramids about 2600B.C.

  33. at Giza for pharaoh Kufu. This would be known throughout time as “The

  34. Great Pyramid”.

  35. Historians estimate that it took about 20 years to build the Great Pyramid.

  36. In the social life of the ancient Egyptians during the middle kingdom, the

  37. social structure resembled a pyramid also. The largest number of members were

  38. the lowest class and the at the top the pharaoh was the only member.

  39. Pharaoh nobles and priestsmerchants, craftsmen, scribesfarmers and unskilled workersenslaved people

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