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Reaction Types

Reaction Types. Definitions review. Reaction : A change in the arrangement of atoms or molecules by breaking bonds and forming new bonds to yield substances of different composition and properties. Element : A pure substance containing only one type of matter. Examples: Ca, F2, P4, K, Fe

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Reaction Types

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  1. Reaction Types

  2. Definitions review • Reaction: A change in the arrangement of atoms or molecules by breaking bonds and forming new bonds to yield substances of different composition and properties. • Element: A pure substance containing only one type of matter. Examples: Ca, F2, P4, K, Fe • Compound: A pure substance consisting of two or more DIFFERENT elements bonded together. Examples: NaCl, H2O, FeCl3, C5H12 • Evidence for a reaction: gas formation, heat given off or taken in, solid (precipitate) forms, color change…

  3. Composition or Synthesis • What does compose or synthesize mean? • Basic reaction form: element 1 + element 2  compound E1 + E2  C • Examples: • 2 Ca (s) + O2 (g)  2 CaO (s) • 16 Li (s) + S8(s)  8 Li2S (s) • 2H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2H2O (l)

  4. Decomposition • What does it mean to decompose? • Basic reaction form: compound  element 1 + element 2 C  E1 + E2 • Examples: • 2 CaO (s) Ca (s) + 2 O2 (g) • 8 Li2S (s)  16 Li (s) + S8(s) • 2H2O (l)  2H2 (g) + O2 (g)

  5. Single Replacement • Review • What is an element? • What is a compound? • Basic reaction form: compound 1 + element 1  new compound 2+ new element 2 C1 + E1  C2 + E2 • Examples: • NaCl (s) + K (s) KCl (s) + Na (s) • 2 Sr3N2 (s) + P4 (s)  2 Sr3P2 (s) + 2 N2 (g) • F2 (g) + TiC (s)  TiF2 (s) + C (s)

  6. Double Replacement • Predict: How is this different from single replacement? • Basic reaction form: compound 1 + compound 2  new compound 3 + new compound 4 C1 + C2  C3 + C4 • Examples: • NaCl (s) + KF (s) KCl (s) + NaF (s) • CaO (s) + SrCl2 (s)  CaCl2 (s) + SrO (s) • Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 NaI (aq)  PbI2 (s) + 2 NaNO3 (aq)

  7. Combustion • Everyone’s favorite reaction • Burning….exploding….. • Basic reaction form: fuel + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + energy (guaranteed)fuel + O2 (g) CO2 (g) + H2O (g) + Kj • Examples: • C7H16 (l) + 11 O2 (g) 7CO2 (g) + 8H2O (g) + 4470 Kj • 2C2H5OH (l) + 7 O2 (g)  4 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g) + 5478 Kj • 2 C8H18(l) + 25 O2 (g)  16 CO2 (g) + 18 H2O (g) + 12603 Kj

  8. The 5 reaction types summary Patterns to watch for: • Composition or synthesis: E1 + E2  CA + B  AB • Decomposition: C  E1 + E2AB  A + B • Single Replacement: C1 + E1  C2 + E2AB + C  AC + B • Double Replacement: C1 + C2  C3 + C4AB + CD  AD + BC • Combustion: Fuel + O2  CO2 + H2O C1 + E  C2 + C3

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