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Supporting Rural Household Incomes in Africa, South Asia, and Latin America

Learn about non-farm income sources in rural households across Africa, South Asia, and Latin America, including the importance of transfers, remittances, and different types of mobility. Explore policy issues for supporting migration and reducing risks.

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Supporting Rural Household Incomes in Africa, South Asia, and Latin America

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  1. Non-farm income as % of rural households budgets • Africa: 30-50% (80-90% in Southern Africa) • South Asia: 60 % (China: over 50% since 2004) • Latin America: 40%

  2. Transfers and remittances • Around 1/3 of annual incomes of poor landless rural households in India • In the poorer areas remittances – often in kind – are essential for food security • Remittances are primarily for consumption, but are also used for investment if circumstances are favourable

  3. Types of mobility • Seasonal – often of the poorer groups (20 million in India) • Temporary – often to towns; large % of young women and men • Permanent – an important contributor to urbanization, but not the only one and often not the main one

  4. Accommodating and supporting migration: policy issues • Protection: migrants’ rights to decent living and working conditions • Making the link between rural and urban areas • Reducing the poorer groups’ exposure to risk, including that from adaptation and mitigation infrastructure

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