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CHAPTER 2 CHEMICAL BONDS

CHAPTER 2 CHEMICAL BONDS. By SUNARTO SULKAN, S.Pd. A. Tendency of atoms to form a Bond. Stability of the noble gas elements caused by the noble gases atoms have the octet configuration (Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn),except that helium element having duplet configuration.

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CHAPTER 2 CHEMICAL BONDS

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  1. CHAPTER 2CHEMICAL BONDS By SUNARTO SULKAN, S.Pd

  2. A. Tendency of atoms to form a Bond • Stability of the noble gas elements caused by the noble gases atoms have the octet configuration (Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn),except that helium element having duplet configuration. • K L M N O P • 2 He : 2 • 10Ne : 2 8 • 18Ar : 2 8 8 • 36Kr : 2 8 18 8 • 54Xe : 2 8 18 18 8 • 86Rn : 2 8 18 32 18 8

  3. b. The kinds of chemical bonds • Chemical bonds consist of two kinds of , those are ionic bond and covalent bond • 1. Ionic bond Ionic bond is a chemical bond that is created during formation of a compound by transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another resulting oppositely charged ions being held together by attraction. • The ionic bond is also called as electrovalent bond. • Example : LiCl;NaCl;MgCl2;CaBr2;Al2O3

  4. 2. Covalent Bond • If two atoms or more, share a pair of electrons,they form a chemical bond called covalent bond. • Based on the number of pair electrons,the pair electrons source ,and the pair of electron position on its bond,hence covalent bonds are distinguished into a single covalent bond, double covalent bond,triple covalent bond,coordination covalen bond,polar covalent bond and non polar covalent bond.

  5. a. Single covalent bond • Single covalent bond this happened if each atom render one valence electrons for used collectively. • Example :H2,Cl2,HCl,H2O,NH3,CH4 b. Double covalent bond Double covalent bond this happened if each atom render two valence electrons for used collectively.

  6. Example : O2,CO2,C2H4,C3H6,C4H8 • C. Triple covalent bond • Triple covalent bond this happened if each atom render tri valence electrons for used collectively. • Example : N2,C2H2,C3H4 • d. Coordination Covalent bond • Coordination Covalent bond,pair of electron provided by one of atoms,while the other atom only provided the place for the pair of electrons. • Example : SO2,SO3,HNO3,H2SO4,H3PO4

  7. e. Polar covalent bond and non polar covalent bond

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