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Understanding Chemical Bonds: Ionic and Covalent Bonding Explained

Dive into the world of chemical bonds with this insightful guide to ionic and covalent bonding. Learn about the stability of noble gas elements and the types of chemical bonds, including examples and distinctions between them.

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Understanding Chemical Bonds: Ionic and Covalent Bonding Explained

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  1. CHAPTER 2CHEMICAL BONDS By SUNARTO SULKAN, S.Pd

  2. A. Tendency of atoms to form a Bond • Stability of the noble gas elements caused by the noble gases atoms have the octet configuration (Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn),except that helium element having duplet configuration. • K L M N O P • 2 He : 2 • 10Ne : 2 8 • 18Ar : 2 8 8 • 36Kr : 2 8 18 8 • 54Xe : 2 8 18 18 8 • 86Rn : 2 8 18 32 18 8

  3. b. The kinds of chemical bonds • Chemical bonds consist of two kinds of , those are ionic bond and covalent bond • 1. Ionic bond Ionic bond is a chemical bond that is created during formation of a compound by transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another resulting oppositely charged ions being held together by attraction. • The ionic bond is also called as electrovalent bond. • Example : LiCl;NaCl;MgCl2;CaBr2;Al2O3

  4. 2. Covalent Bond • If two atoms or more, share a pair of electrons,they form a chemical bond called covalent bond. • Based on the number of pair electrons,the pair electrons source ,and the pair of electron position on its bond,hence covalent bonds are distinguished into a single covalent bond, double covalent bond,triple covalent bond,coordination covalen bond,polar covalent bond and non polar covalent bond.

  5. a. Single covalent bond • Single covalent bond this happened if each atom render one valence electrons for used collectively. • Example :H2,Cl2,HCl,H2O,NH3,CH4 b. Double covalent bond Double covalent bond this happened if each atom render two valence electrons for used collectively.

  6. Example : O2,CO2,C2H4,C3H6,C4H8 • C. Triple covalent bond • Triple covalent bond this happened if each atom render tri valence electrons for used collectively. • Example : N2,C2H2,C3H4 • d. Coordination Covalent bond • Coordination Covalent bond,pair of electron provided by one of atoms,while the other atom only provided the place for the pair of electrons. • Example : SO2,SO3,HNO3,H2SO4,H3PO4

  7. e. Polar covalent bond and non polar covalent bond

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