The NATO Science & Technology Organization

1. Constructive Simulation for Tactical Course of Action Analysis: Problems and Requirements in Combat with Peer Competitors The NATO Science & Technology Organization Collaboration Support Office Dr. Pavel ZUNA CSO Director 16 October 2019 Enabling Future Innovation and Capabilities Cleared for Public Release

2. Outline • Constructive Simulation for Tactical Course of Action Analysis • NATO Science & Technology Organization – Modeling & Simulation Cleared for Public Release

3. Constructive Simulation for Tactical Course of Action Analysis • Combat with Peer Competitors • Tactical Battlefield Area Evaluation for Decision Making and Simulation Support • Military Thinking versus Military Drills • The ART of the Warfare • Attack or Defense? What is the purpose of the Tactical combat? • Understanding and Feeling of the METT-TC • Space • Time (5 aspects) • Length • Sequencing • Speed • Frequency • Opportunity • Conclusions Cleared for Public Release

4. S&T Board • Collaboration & Coordination • CNAD, MC, C3B, NCIA, ACT & ACO • International Partnerships IMPACT • NMSG Modelling & Simulation Group • AVT Advanced Vehicle Technology • HFM Human Factors & Medicine • IST Information Systems & Tech • SAS Systems Analysis and Studies • SCI Systems Concepts & Integration • SET Sensors Electronics Tech • Technology Watch • S&T Trends Report • Von Karman Horizon Scan • S&T Advice • Ad hoc studies & analysis

5. NMSG Mission Promote co-operation among NATO organizations, Member Nations and Partner Nations to maximize the effective utilization of M&S. Modelling and Simulation Group 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners

6. Forge and nurture effective partnerships • NATO BODIES • ACT • CMRE • NIAG • NCIA • AIRCOM • MARCOM • NATO JFTC • NATO JWC • COEs • COE - Modelling and Simulation • COE - Air Operations (CASPOA) • COE - Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDC) • COE - Crisis Management and Disaster Response (CMDR) • COE - Defence Against Terrorism (DAT) • COE - Joint Chemical, Biological, Radiological, & Nuclear Defence • COE - Operations in Confined and Shallow Waters (CSW) NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019

7. NATO M&S Master Plan Application Domains Objectives Support to Operations Establish a Common Technical Framework Capability Development Standardization Authority in NATO for M&S Mission Rehearsal Training & Education Provide Coordination and Common Services Procurement Guiding Principles Develop and Employ Models and Simulations Interoperability Re-use Synergy 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners

8. COMMON TECHNICAL FRAMEWORK 70% NMSG • STANDARDIZATION INTEROPERABILITY 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners

9. Modelling and Simulation as a Service - Phase 2 “M&S products, data and processes will be conveniently accessible and available on-demand to all users in order to enhance operational effectiveness” • M&S whenever needed and wherever it is needed: • Independence of location (command post, class room, ship, theatre, etc.) • Independence of device (PC, laptop, smartphone, C2/MC system, etc.) • 10 NATO Nations • 5 Partner Nations • 4 NATO Bodies • 87 Members, (Government, Academia and Industry) • MSG-131 MSG-136 MSG-164 NATO MSaaS capability? Stay at the forefront of S&T Enhance Alliance decision making Forge and nurture effective partnerships Promote prototyping & technology demos Focus on Alliance needs to boost impact NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019

10. Operationalization of Standardized C2-Simulation Interoperability “Will enable information exchange in a timely, efficient and cost-effective manner to allow C2 and simulation systems to interoperate” • Standardizing the exchange of digitized military information for C2SIM interoperation is a solution and will lead to realizing a number of benefits that include: • enhanced realism and overall effectiveness; • faster, more consistent information exchange among systems • decreased cost and risk by reducing manual input; • reduced preparation and response time. • 11 NATO Nations • 4 Partner Nations • 3 NATO Bodies • 62 Members Stay at the forefront of S&T Enhance Alliance decision making Forge and nurture effective partnerships Promote prototyping & technology demos Focus on Alliance needs to boost impact NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019

11. “M&S is already a mature technology widely used by the Allies to enable military training.However, it is considered that the use of M&S to support education and training in NATO has not been developed to its greater extent.” Mission Training through Distributed Simulation (MTDS) in the Air Domain (MSG-165) • Started in January 2018, following MSG-128 • Over 50 Members (8 NATO nations & 3 NATO bodies) • Collaboration with NAFAG in Smart Defence Initiative 1.1118 Live Virtual Constructive – Training (LVC-T) in the Maritime Domain (MSG-169) • Started in July 2018 • Over 20 Members (5 NATO nations, 1 Partner nation & 3 NATO bodies) • MSG-169 MSG-180 • MSG-165 & MSG-169 are working together towards a Joint MTDS Stay at the forefront of S&T Enhance Alliance decision making Forge and nurture effective partnerships Promote prototyping & technology demos Focus on Alliance needs to boost impact 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners

12. Data Farming Services for Analysis and Simulation-Based Decision Support “Will allow NATO military decision makers in the domains of defence planning, operations, training and capability development to reduce uncertainty resulting in more robust solutions” The general objective is to extend data farming capability and accessibility through developing Data Farming Services (DFS) in accordance with the Modelling & Simulation as a Service concept for analysis, wargaming, other simulation-based decision support, and training, while technically supporting NATO’s Federated Mission Networking (FMN) specifications. • 9 NATO Nations • 3 Partner Nations • 3 NATO Bodies • 40 Members • MSG-088 MSG-124 MSG-155 AI/BD Thematic approach Stay at the forefront of S&T Enhance Alliance decision making Forge and nurture effective partnerships Promote prototyping & technology demos Focus on Alliance needs to boost impact 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners

13. CDT's accomplished/planned in 2019 and 2020 • M&S as a Service (MSaaS) (MSG-164) • ITEC 2019 • CAX Forum 2019 • I/ITSEC 2019: MSaaS Demonstration • CAX Forum 2020, I/ITSEC 2020 • C2 and Simulation Systems Interoperability (C2SIM) (MSG-145) • ITEC 2019 • I/ITSEC 2019: Sandbox-based • CWIX19 architecture. • Data Farming services (MSG-155) • Coalition Warrior Interoperability Exercise (CWIX) 2019 & 2020 • I/ITSEC 2019 • Mission Training through Distributed Simulation (MTDS) (MSG- 165) • Spartan Warrior Exercise • Spartan Alliance • Evolution of NATO Standards for Federated Simulation (MSG-163) • CWIX 2019 and 2020 • I/ITSEC 2020 24 September 2019 - CAX Forum 2019 NATO UNCLASSIFIED Releasable all Partners

14. www.sto.nato.int Cleared for Public Release