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Introduction to Remote Sensing Example Applications and Principles

Introduction to Remote Sensing Example Applications and Principles Exploring Images with MultiSpec User Interface and Band Combinations Questions…. Definitions.

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Introduction to Remote Sensing Example Applications and Principles

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  1. Introduction to Remote Sensing Example Applications and Principles • Exploring Images with MultiSpec User Interface and Band Combinations • Questions…

  2. Definitions Lillesand and Kiefer (1994) – “The science and art of obtaining information …acquired by a device that is not in contact with the object…” CCRS Glossary – “A group of techniques for collecting image or other forms of data … from measurements made at a distance from the object, and the processing and analysis of the data.”

  3. Examples of Remotely Sensed Data • Weather • Ocean Properties • Physical Geography • Major Disturbance Events / Hazards • Cultural Features – urban mapping • Many other examples – thematic info

  4. back

  5. disturbance back

  6. back

  7. back

  8. Decision From Lillesand and Kiefer (1994)

  9. Decision From Lillesand and Kiefer (1994)

  10. An Electromagnetic Wave l = wavelength c = velocity of light n = frequency From Lillesand Kiefer (1994)

  11. O3 absorption at 0.2 um

  12. H2O absorption at 1.4, 1.6, and 1.9 um

  13. CO2 absorption at 2.0 um

  14. CH4 absorption at 2.2 – 2.5 um

  15. Human eye

  16. E(l)i – [ E(l)a + E(l)t ] = Er(l) Incident Energy Reflected Energy

  17. Atmospheric Interactions Rayleigh Scattering

  18. Types of Satellite Orbits Geostationary – 35,790 km above the Earth Sun-synchronous or “Polar”– between 700 and 800 km above the Earth

  19. Satellite Orbits http://science.nasa.gov/Realtime/jtrack/3d/JTrack3D.html

  20. “Resolution” in Remote Sensing Four types 1)Spatial –the ground coverage / pixel 2) Spectral – area and subdivision of the EM spectrum 3) Temporal – frequency of coverage 4)Radiometric – sensitivity to changes in energy intensity

  21. Issues of spatial & temporal scale of the sensor platform -SPATIAL- “grain” and “extent” ‘Pixel’ -TEMPORAL- Frequency of imaging

  22. September 30 September 15 October 15 October 30

  23. Color Theory and Band Combinations • Additive colors vs. Subtractive colors • ‘Natural’ and ‘False’ color composites • Displaying images, extracting information

  24. Additive Primaries Subtractive Primaries No single primary can be formed by mixture of other two All other colors can be formed by mixtures of additives Representations of color via pigments and dyes Yellow absorbs blue, cyan absorbs red, magenta absorbs green

  25. Blue (0.45 um) Green (0.55 um) Red (0.65 um)

  26. Green = 2.5 x Blue = x Red = x Blue (0.45 um) Green (0.55 um) Red (0.65 um)

  27. Feb. 14, 2006 MODIS Terra, Eastern US

  28. Snow Vs. Clouds Clouds scatterat all wavelengths Snow absorbs at >1.4 mm

  29. Snow Vs. Clouds Clouds scatterat all wavelengths Snow absorbs at >1.4 mm c

  30. Natural Color 3,2,1 Color IR 4,3,2 False Color 5,4,3

  31. MultiSpec RS Software • Research and education • Long period development and refinement • Freely available • Supported by tutorials http://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~biehl/MultiSpec/

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