1 / 20

Observing Air Quality from Space

Observing Air Quality from Space. With contributions from Mike Brauer: University of British Columbia Ralph Kahn, Rob Levy: NASA Goddard Paul Villeneuve: UofT, Health Canada. Randall Martin, Aaron van Donkelaar, Lok Lamsal, Chulkyu Lee, Carolyn Verduzco. Undergraduate Science Conference

walda
Download Presentation

Observing Air Quality from Space

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Observing Air Quality from Space With contributions from Mike Brauer: University of British Columbia Ralph Kahn, Rob Levy: NASA Goddard Paul Villeneuve: UofT, Health Canada Randall Martin, Aaron van Donkelaar, Lok Lamsal, Chulkyu Lee, Carolyn Verduzco Undergraduate Science Conference 25 September 2010 Dalhousie University

  2. A Group Effort

  3. Major Air Pollutants and Health Effects (AQHI) Key Pollutants that Contribute to Respiratory and Cardiovascular Illness Fine Aerosol (PM2.5), Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Health Canada, Health Effects of Air Pollution Smog Alert, Toronto AQHI = f(NO2, O3, PM2.5)

  4. Sources of Major Air Pollutants NO2 H2O,sunlight sunlight Nitric oxide (NO) Carbon monoxide (CO), Volatile organics (VOCs) Hydroxyl (OH) Ozone (O3) Nucleation, Condensation,Coagulation oxidation Ammonia (NH3), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), NO, VOCs NH3, H2SO4, HNO3Semivolatile Organics Aerosol Fires Biosphere Human activity Sea Salt Mineral Dust

  5. Large Regions Have Insufficient In Situ Measurements for Air Quality Assessment Canada Wide Standard (CWS): 3-year average of annual 98th percentile of the daily 24-hour average PM2.5 < 30 ug m-3 WHO standard 10 ug m-3 in annual mean

  6. Sun-synchronous Polar Orbiting Geometry Sun-synchronous Polar Orbit ~14 orbits / day

  7. Photographs in the Visible Ultraviolet

  8. Satellite Observations of Tropospheric NO2 Method: Solar backscatter l1 l2 Scattering by Earth surface and atmosphere SCIAMACHY 2003-2005 Tropospheric NO2 (1015 molecules cm-2) Idealized NO2 absorption spectrum Martin et al., JGR, 2006 l1 l2

  9. Visibility Impeded by Aerosol LoadingWaterton Lakes/Glacier National Park 7.6 ug m-3 12 ug m-3 22 ug m-3 65 ug m-3 Malm, 1999

  10. Aerosol Remote Sensing For dark scenes Aerosol Reflectance for specific wavelength and geometry surface measured molecular For small a Aerosol optical thickness single scattering albedo P(Θ) phase function Pollution haze over East Coast Dust off West Africa

  11. Aerosol Optical Thickness (τ) from SatelliteUsing MODIS and MISR Instruments over 2001-2006 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 τ[unitless] van Donkelaar et al., EHP, 2010

  12. Chemical Transport Model (GEOS-Chem) Simulation of Aerosol Optical Depth Aaron van Donkelaar

  13. Ground-level PM2.5 = η·τ η affected by vertical structure, aerosol properties, relative humidity Obtain η from aerosol-oxidant model (GEOS-Chem) sampled coincidently with satellite obs GEOS-Chem Simulation of η for 2001-2006 van Donkelaar et al., EHP, 2010

  14. Significant Agreement with Coincident In situ Measurements Annual Mean PM2.5 [μg/m3] (2001-2006) Satellite Derived Satellite-Derived [μg/m3] In-situ In-situ PM2.5 [μg/m3] van Donkelaar et al., EHP, 2010

  15. Global Climatology (2001-2006) of PM2.5 Evaluation with measurements outside Canada/US Better than in situ vs model (GEOS-Chem): r=0.52-0.62, slope = 0.63 – 0.71 van Donkelaar et al., EHP, 2010

  16. van Donkelaar et al., EHP, 2010

  17. van Donkelaar et al., EHP, 2010

  18. Data Valuable to Assess Health Effects of PM2.5 • 30% of Asia exposed to >50 μg/m3 in annual mean • 0.61±0.20 years lost per 10 μg/m3 [Pope et al., 2009] • Estimate decreased life expectancy due to PM2.5 exposure Population [%] PM2.5 Exposure [μg/m3] van Donkelaar et al., EHP, 2010

  19. Simulated (GEOS-Chem) Sulphate Transport Aaron van Donkelaar

  20. Challenges Encouraging Prospects for Satellite Remote Sensing of Air Quality Remote Sensing: Improved algorithms to increase accuracy and observe other pollutants Modeling: Comprehensive assimilation capability Develop representation of processes Measurements: Research quality measurements for validation and process-level understanding Acknowledgements: Health Canada NSERC NASA

More Related