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Gemstones

Metals. Gemstones. Other Useful. Uses of Minerals. Minerals. Mineral Resources. Ch 3.3 Pages 62-66. Ores. Prospecting. Smelting. Mining. Gemstones. Valued: Rare Color Durability Glassy Luster. Used for: Jewelry Decoration Mechanical Parts Grinding and Polishing. Metals.

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Gemstones

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  1. Metals Gemstones Other Useful Uses of Minerals Minerals Mineral Resources Ch 3.3 Pages 62-66 Ores Prospecting Smelting Mining

  2. Gemstones • Valued: • Rare • Color • Durability • Glassy Luster • Used for: • Jewelry • Decoration • Mechanical Parts • Grinding and Polishing

  3. Metals

  4. Other Useful Minerals

  5. Ores • A mineral that contains a metal or economically useful mineral. • Chalcopyrite • Copper • Hematite and Magnetite • Iron • Bauxite • Aluminum • Galena • Lead

  6. Prospecting • Searching for an ore deposit: • Looking for: • Certain features on Earth’s surface. • Observe the rocks on Earth’s surface. • Examine plants in an area • Test stream water for the presence of certain chemicals.

  7. Mining • Geologists map an ore deposit, help miners decide how to mine. 3 Types. • 1. Strip Mine • Earth moving equipment scrapes away soil to expose ore. • 2. Open Pit Mines- use giant earthmoving equipment to dig a huge pit. • 3. Shaft Mines- network of tunnels that extend deep into the ground following the veins of ores.

  8. Leaves scars on the land. Reclamation Waste materials Dangerous Pollution Mining (Environmental Issues)

  9. Smelting • An ore is melted to separate the useful metal from other elements the ore contains. • 1. Iron ore crushed mixed with limestone and baked with coal • Mixtuer put blast furnace. • As it burns, chemical reaction causes CO2 gas and molten iron. • Iron sinks to bottom of the furnace, impurities left called slag. • Slag and molten iron are poured off through taps in the blast furnace.

  10. Alloy • A solid mixture of 2 or more metals. • Steel bronze

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