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Understanding Calorimeters and Nutritional Energy Values in Food

Learn how calorimeters measure heat transfer and how energy is represented in food labels. Discover the caloric values of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and understand daily energy requirements. Practice calculating energy content with a cup of whole milk example.

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Understanding Calorimeters and Nutritional Energy Values in Food

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  1. Chapter 2 Energy and Matter 2.2 Energy and Nutrition

  2. Calorimeters A calorimeter • is used to measure heat transfer. • can be made with a coffee cup and a thermometer. • indicates the heat lost by a sample • indicates the heat gained by water.

  3. Energy and Nutrition On food labels, energy is shown as the nutritional Calorie, written with a capital C. In countries other than the U.S., energy is shown in kilojoules (kJ). 1 Cal = 1000 calories 1 Cal = 1 kcal 1 Cal = 1000 cal 1 Cal = 4184 J 1 Cal = 4.184 kJ

  4. Caloric Food Values The caloric or energy values for foods indicate the number of kcal(Cal) provided by 1 g of each type of food. Carbohydrate: 4 kcal 1 g Fat (lipid): 9 kcal 1 g Protein: 4 kcal 1 g

  5. TABLE 2.2 Energy Values for Some Foods

  6. Energy Requirements • The amount of energy needed each day depends on age, sex, and physical activity. TABLE 2.3

  7. Learning Check A cup of whole milk contains 12 g of carbohydrate, 9.0 g of fat, and 5.0 g of protein. How many kcal (Cal) does a cup of milk contain? 1) 48 kcal (or Cal) 2) 81 kcal (or Cal) 3) 150 kcal (or Cal)

  8. Solution A cup of whole milk contains 12 g of carbohydrate, 9.0 g of fat, and 5.0 g of protein. How many kcal (Cal) does a cup of milk contain? 3) 150 kcal (or Cal) 12 g carbohydrates x 4 kcal/g = 50 kcal (1 SF) 9.0 g fat x 9 kcal/g = 80 kcal (1 SF) 5.0 g protein x 4 kcal/g = 20 kcal (1 SF) 150 kcal

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