Introduction to Grid computing Sunil Avutu Graduate Student

1. Introduction to Grid computing Sunil Avutu Graduate Student Dept.of Computer Science

2. Grid Computing • Topics to be addressed in this Presentation • What is Grid Computing? • Features of Grid Computing • Early Grid Activities • Current Grid Activities • Layered Grid Architecture • Grid Architecture and Other Distributed Technologies • Conclusion

3. database A Typical Grid Computing Environment Grid Information Service Grid Resource Broker Application R2 2 R3 R4 R5 RN Grid Resource Broker R6 R1 Resource Broker Grid Information Service

4. Grid Computing: • idea of grid was brought by Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman and Steve Tuecke in the year 1970. • emerging computing model that distributes processing across a parallel infrastructure. • subset of distributed computing • internet=network of communication grid computing=network of computation

5. Features of Grid Computing: • offers Information Technology as a Utility • design goal of solving bigger problems • provides multi user environment • involves sharing heterogeneous resources

6. Early Grid Activities • Earlier Grid Computing efforts were aligned with the overlapping functional areas: • Data and Computation • Functional Data Requirements for Grid Computing: • efficient data transfer mechanisms • data caching and/or replication mechanisms • data discovery mechanisms • data encryption and integrity • backup/restore mechanisms

7. Early Grid Activities(Contd…) • Functional Computational Requirements for Grid Computing: • mechanisms to select resources • Understanding of current and predicted data loads • failure detection and failover mechanisms

8. Current Grid Activities: Fig 1:Dynamic benefits of coordinated resource sharing in a virtual organization.

9. Concept of Virtual Organization(VO) • a dynamic set of individuals and/or institutions defined around a set of resource-sharing rules and conditions • all VO’s share some commonality • conditional, time bound and rules driven resource sharing • dynamic collection of individuals • sharing relationship among participants is peer to peer • assigning users, resources from different domains

10. Layered Grid Architecture Fig 2: The layered Grid architecture and its relationship to the Internet protocol architecture

11. Layered grid Architecture (Contd…) • Fabric Layer : interface to local resources • fabric layer defines the resources that can be shared E.g.. computational resources, data storage, networks, catalogs • A resource can be a Physical resource or a logical resource • A logical resource can be implemented by their own internal protocol • basic capabilities associated with the integration of resources: • provide an inquiry • provide appropriate resource management

12. Layered grid Architecture (Contd…) • Connectivity Layer: Manages communications • defines core communication and authentication protocols • Authentication solution for Vo’s: • single sign on: any multiple entities in the grid fabric to be authenticated once • Delegation: ability to access a resource under the current user permissions • Integration with local resource specific security solutions • User-based trust relationships

13. Layered grid Architecture (Contd…) • Resource Layer :sharing of a single Resource • controls the secure negotiation, initiation, monitoring, sharing of operations across individual layer. • Two primary classes of resource layer protocols • Information Protocols • Management Protocols • negotiating access to a shared resource • performing operation on a resource & monitoring the status of operation

14. Layered grid Architecture (Contd…) • Collective layer: coordinating multiple resources • responsible for global resource management • Common collective services in a Grid Computing system • Discovery services • Co allocation ,scheduling Services • Community accounting and Payment Services

15. Layered grid Architecture (Contd…) • Application Layer: User-Defined Grid Applications • user applications constructed by utilizing the services defined at each lower level • each layer in the Grid Architecture provides a set of API’s and SDK’s for the higher layers of integration

16. Grid Architecture and Other Distributed Technologies • Like the Web, grid computing keeps complexity hidden: multiple users enjoy a single, unified experience. • Unlike the Web, which mainly enables communication, grid computing enables full collaboration toward common business goals. • Like peer-to-peer, grid computing allows users to share files. • Unlike peer-to-peer, grid computing allows many-to-many sharing — not only files but other resources as well.

17. Grid Architecture and Other Distributed Technologies • Like clusters and distributed computing, grids bring computing resources together. • Unlike clusters and distributed computing, which need physical proximity and operating homogeneity, grids can be geographically distributed and heterogeneous. • Like virtualization technologies, grid computing enables the virtualization of IT resources. • Unlike virtualization technologies, which virtualize a single system, grid computing enables the virtualization of vast and disparate IT resources.

18. Conclusion • Grid computing provides a framework and deployment platform that enables resource sharing, accessing, aggregation, and management • possible to share resources across organizations, including different companies, even in different countries. • Grid services represent a convergence between high-performance computing and Web services

19. References: 1)Grid Computing by Joshy Joseph,Craig Fellenstein ( IBM Press) 2) Grid Computing for Developers by Vladimir Silva 3) http://grid.org/home.htm 4) http://www.gridcomputing.com/ 5) http://www.gridcomputingplanet.com/

20. Thank You