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Explore the fascinating world of photodetectors, specifically p-n photodiodes, and how they work through a reverse-biased p-n junction. Learn about the generation of photocurrent and electron-hole pairs when light interacts with the depletion region. Discover the significance of avalanche photodiodes (APD) in minimizing receiver noise.
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p-n Photodiodes • A reverse biased p-n junction consists of a region known as depletion region that is devoid of free charge carriers. • When light impinges on one side of such a p-n junction, electrons absorb light and make a transition from valence band to conduction band. Thus, electron-hole pair is created through light absorption. • The electrons and holes generated inside the depletion region accelerate in opposite directions due to the reverse bias. • This gives rise to a current flow in an external circuit and this current flow is known as the photocurrent.