The next big thing!

The next big thing! An automatic fan

History The first recorded mechanical fan was the pukha fan used in thet middle east in the early 19th century. It had a canvas covered frame that was suspended from the ceiling. Servants, known as pukah wallahs, pulled a rope connected to the frame to move the fan back and forth. • The first american fans were made from around the late 189os to the early 1920s. They had brass blades, a lot of them also had brass cages, and though they were built very well internally, they were far from finger safe, as a lot of them had cage openings so big that one could put an entire hand or arm right through it. Many children had hands and fingers severely injured by those fans. • In the 1920s, industrial advances allowed steel to be mass-produced in different shapes, bringing fan prices down and allowing more homeowners to afford them. In the 1930s, the first art deco fan (the "Swan Fan") was designed. In the 1950s, fans were manufactured in colours that were bright and eye catching. Central air conditioning in the 1960s brought an end to the golden age of the electric fan. In the 1970s, Victorian-style ceiling fans became popular. • In the 20th century, fans have become utilitarian. During the 2000s, fan aesthetics have become a concern to fan buyers. The fan is part of everyday life in the Far East, Japan, and Spain (among other places). Electric fans have been largely replaced by air conditioners in offices, but they are still a common household appliance. This page shows: The history of the product. This info is from Wikipedia Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Design brief and introduction I am going to make an electronic fan that turns on automatically when it gets to hot. Its for those who live in hotter countries such as mexico, but it can be used for anyone in any country, who are above the age of five. The problem my product solves is that when you are too hot, you want to turn the fan on, but because you are hot, you are tired, and you cant really be bothered to get up and turn your fan on, because you would have to use your energy, which would then mean you would get hotter. Now, you can stay relaxing, while you know if it gets to hot, your fan will turn on, automatically. The product will need to turn on automatically at set temperatures that you set yourself. I decided to make this product because it think it would be a challenge, and if i succeed, it would be a good product. The Product Must be completed by the 10th of march 2010. Its targeted at busy office workers that probably havent got the time to stop and turn the fan on. The fan will be shaped like a pineapple, because pineapples are from hot countries, and will be able to sit on a desk. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows: Design Brief

Task analysis Circuit How many Ics will it need? How many inputs will need? How many outputs will it have? What will the size of the circuit have to be? What components will i use? Where will i find information? How much will my product cost to make? What calculations will i need to make? What equipment is needed? What skills and knowledge will i need? How will i test my circuit? Will the circuit be difficult to make? Can the circuit be mass produced? Will the circuit be able to sit in the case? Case What Power supply does it use? What are the ergonomic considerations when making the case? How will it look? What message is it suppose to send? Whos my target market? Is it heavy or light? What materials will i use? Is it environmentally healthy? Will the design fit into my target market? How will it be positioned? Will its design be easily recognise Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows the task analysis

Design considerations Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Research-existing poducts The very first hand held fan. It uses big wide propellers that would cover a wide surface area. Its not very attractive and i don’t think its would be as powerful as modern day fans. It doesnt look like it fits to your hand well either. This page shows: The basic fan that uses animals as its design. It probably aimed as younger children aged 5-10. Its plastic, its fits to your hand well, and probably cheap. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Research existing products A fan that uses “mini” batteries. Its not very attractive really. It doesn’t look like it fits to your hand. It looks a bit too small, and with the different names on it, i think it would be priced more expensively then the average fan. I think its targeted at anyone under the age of 40. A fan that has LEDs on its propellers. It is looks exactly like a regular fan, but the fact that it can spell out a word makes it more appealing. It is probably aimed at teens. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Research existing products From what i have found out, i realise now for sure that my design must be colourful, and meet my target market. All of these fans have something unique about them, whether its their design, or how they are made, theses fans arent the same. I must make sure my design is unique, and the way my circuit is made, is unique. It has to be different to sand out from the rest. I think im going to use an exotic fruit for my design. But something bold yet simple may also be used as my case. By bold, I mean something unusual for a fan. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Research components Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Research Circuits Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Research materials Wood- Its solid, has a nice texture, easy to work with, but it gets damp in water, its expensive and flammable. Its not flexible, and would need a lot of work to be right. Metals-They have a smooth texture, they are easy to mould and they’re water resistant. But they also conduct electricity, and we dont have any plastic to mould, meaning i would have to buy my own which would be expensive. Plastic-Easy to work with, resistant to electricity, resistant to water and is very flexible. Its is probably the easiest and cheapest material to use. Acrylic plastic is easy to vacuum, its light and comes in a variety of colours. I can also use textured plastic which is also easy to vacuum, but doesnt come in much colours. From what ive found out, acrylic is the best plastic for me to use because its cheap, easy to vacuum form and comes in a variety of colours. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Research enviromental/industrial, social • Environmental- I need to ensure that my product will be as eco-friendly as possible. The only material ill be using(other then solder and PCB) is textured, recyclable plastic. My fan shouldnt bee noisy, it should be quiet. Industrial- My price should be as cheap as possible, im using more technology in my fan, so it should be slightly more expensive then the average fan. I have to stay inside my small budget. The lower the budget, the lower the price. I need to make my product simple to advertise. Social- My design needs to meet my target audience first and foremost, but it should still be something that can be used by everyone. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Research market research From my questionnaire, i now know that the public like the concept of my product, they like something thats done for them(my product being turned on automatically), they are not fussed about it effecting the environment, and they would prefer something that digitally tells them what temperature there fan is set. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Research summary • From my research, I now know that my overall circuit will be 3 circuits joined together. My target audience will now be for elderly people. The design will be of the shape of an exotic fruit. Also, my plastic will be textured, and my propellers will be environmentally healthy. My product will be a fan turned on automatically when the heat gets to a certain point. My case will be shaped as an exotic fruit of some sort, and will be made out of simple acrylic plastic. My circuit will contain 3 smaller circuits, plus a basic fan circuit; a trigger circuit(that contains a comparator), a 555mono-stable and relay circuit. Ill be using 2 Ics, a 555 and a op-amp. All information i gathered was mostly from my teacher, rapidonline.com and google. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Specification Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Development circuits, circuit 1 Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

development circuits, circuit 1 Pin2 goes low, which makes pin7 lose. When pin7 is closed, electrons no longer flow into it, but into the capacitor. As the capacitor fills up, its voltage increases. Pin6 reads this voltage. When pin6 reads a voltage 2/3s greater than the power supply voltage, it opens pin7. When pin7 is open, the charge from the capacitor flows into it. While the capacitor is charging, pin3 goes high, which turns on the next part of my overall circuit, the relay circuit. While it’s discharging, pin3 goes low, turning it off. The time it takes for the capacitor to discharge is the time delay. This is the timing part of the overall circuit. I will make my R 10k and C 1000uf, because it will then create a time delay of 11 seconds. When the electricity goes into this part of my overall circuit, it creates a time delay for when the temperature is lower than its set time. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

development Circuits, circuit 1 The relay switch has a magnetic coil in it. When its charged, it pulls the switch towards it, making my motor circuit turn on. The relay is an electrically controlled switch. The top pin is called the COM, the bottom right is the normally closed, and the bottom left is the normally open. The reason I have a diode around it, upside down, is because when the overall circuit is switched off, the relay switch lets out a surge of electricity called hach EUF, which can blow components. It’s due to the magnetism around it being released. With the diode in place, the surge goes into it, backwards, and balances the charge out, rather than through the circuit blowing components. This is my relay circuit; it turns on the motor when the current that meets the relay is high. The relay is in control of the motor circuit, the motor will not turn on, without the relay. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

development Circuits, circuit 1 Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

development Circuits, circuit 2 This is a slight variation of my circuit, instead of using an op amp, im using an and gate. It works exactly the same way as an op amp, but doesn’t use a variable resistor, meaning this circuit, although slightly easier, doesn’t meet my specification. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

3 circuits ideas This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Description of function+ system diagram Input Process Output Heat Time delay Motor Comparitor 555 Monostable Relay switch Thermistor Motor Op-amp Comparitor The first part of my circuit is a comparator circuit using a 741 op-amp. The thermistor at this part of my circuit detects heat, and when theres enough heat, the voltage above the thermistor increases and the comparator reads this and turns its output on, that’s connected to the 555 monostable. The monostable creates a time delay, and turns its output on, which is connected to a relay circuit. The relay will turn on the motor when electricity goes through it. With the motor on, the heat just needs to go down for the circuit to stop functioning. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Flow chart Current flows through relay Start LOW Is the thermistor high or low? Motor turns on Time delay HIGH This page shows: Monostable triggered Is thermistor high or low? HIGH Out put at monostable high LOW Go to start Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Development of final circuit After testing my circuit, I realised that it only works when I move the relay switch below the transistor, also, I had to change the values of a few resistors. This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Circuit diagram with description of how it works. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

Breadboard I bread borded my circuit as seen above, to test if it was working properly physically as well as on circuit wizard. I had to move my relay switch below my transistor for my oveal circuit to work, and I had to change a few values for my resistors, but it was a success, because it did exactly what I wanted it to do. Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown This page shows:

PCB layout This is my PCB layout, its all packed up and condensed. Its three circuits on one board, all connected. Because of this, I’ve had to use three jumping wires. This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

3 case ideas This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Case development This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Final case design This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Plan of making This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Making in industry This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Social and environment issues This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Testing plan This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

testing This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

Evaluation 1 This page shows: Candidate No: 5058 Name: Daniel Brown

The next big thing!