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Week 11: Acanthopterygii Atherinomorpha Percomorpha Perciformes

Week 11: Acanthopterygii Atherinomorpha Percomorpha Perciformes. 5 th Edition. Perciformes >10,000 sp. ~160 families. Percomorpha >12,000 sp. ~230 families. “early perciforms”. early perciforms. Week 11: Percoidei. Week 12: Labroidei. double nostrils. Percoidei ~3,000 sp.

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Week 11: Acanthopterygii Atherinomorpha Percomorpha Perciformes

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  1. Week 11: Acanthopterygii Atherinomorpha Percomorpha Perciformes

  2. 5th Edition Perciformes >10,000 sp. ~160 families Percomorpha >12,000 sp. ~230 families

  3. “early perciforms”

  4. early perciforms Week 11: Percoidei Week 12: Labroidei double nostrils

  5. Percoidei ~3,000 sp. ~70 families

  6. Percoidei

  7. Marine ~88%

  8. Freshwater ~12%

  9. Percoidei NEAq: >20 families Sensory Reproduction Behavior

  10. Percoidei: Sensory systems mechanical electrical chemical visual

  11. Haemulidae ~145 sp. grunts stout pharyngeal teeth invertebrates

  12. grind pharyngeal teeth amplified by gas bladder sweetlips Plectorhinchus picus

  13. orange-red inside mouth

  14. life-stage specific color patterns

  15. Sciaenidae ~150 sp drums croakers red drum Sciaenops ocellata gas bladder muscles rapid contractions large otoliths

  16. extended dorsal fins transverse to longitudinal bands “deflective coloration” Caribbean: Bermuda, Bahamas nocturnal noisy jackknife fish Equetus lanceolatus spotted drum NEAq Equetus punctatus

  17. Toxotidae ~6 sp archerfishes aerial predator: leap from surface knock prey to water

  18. blow gun/pea shooter 2 mm tongue groove = barrel mouth = muzzle/reservoir contractions = plunger FW to brackish India to Australia

  19. refractive correction practice required

  20. Chaetodontidae butterflyfishes Pomacanthidae angelfishes combined until mid-1970s

  21. Atlantic/Indo-Pacific 20 to 200 m day-active

  22. Chaetodontidae ~122 sp butterflyfishes protractile mouth invertebrate specialist laterally compressed body coral reef inhabitant chaeto-dont = bristle-teeth striped butterflyfish Chaetodon fasciatus feeding on a starfish in a Triton’s trumpet shell longnose butterflyfish Chaetodon rostratus polychaete worm specialist Red Sea

  23. typical colors: yellow black white camouflage eye: spots or bands

  24. ocellus = eye spot eye camouflage deflective coloration copper-banded butterflyfish Chelmon rostratus scythe butterflyfish Chaetodon falcifer

  25. bullfish Heniochusintermedius

  26. typical colors: red for yellow black white camouflage eye: spots or bands collared butterflyfish Chaetodon collare

  27. fixed sexes monogamy blue-cheek butterflyfish Chaetodon semilarvatus

  28. larvae: dorsal bony plate spine above each eye ~different species foureye butterflyfish Chaetodon capistratus spotfin butterflyfish Chaetodon ocellatus

  29. Chaetodontidae butterflyfishes Pomacanthidae angelfishes combined until mid-1970s

  30. Pomacanthidae ~82 sp angelfishes poma-acanth = lid/cover spine Atlantic/Indo-Pacific ~to 20 m

  31. laterally compressed large size blue angelfish NEAq Holacanthus bermudensis

  32. colors: yellow black white camouflage eye: spots or bands protrusible mouth no extended snout sponge feeder

  33. life-stage specific color patterns rock beauty angelfish Holacanthus tricolor

  34. queen angelfish NEAq Holacanthus ciliaris

  35. blue angelfish Holacanthus bermudensis queen angelfish Holacanthus ciliaris

  36. French angelfish NEAq Pomacanthus paru juveniles are black with 5 yellow bands

  37. grey angelfish NEAq Pomacanthus arcuatus

  38. gray angelfish Pomacanthus arcuatus French angelfish Pomacanthus paru

  39. juvenile emperor Pomacanthus imperator adult emperor Pomacanthus imperator Red Sea

  40. adult juvenile intermediate

  41. Pseudochromidae ~ 100 sp. dottybacks Indo-Pacific Grammatidae ~12 sp. grammas and basslets West Atlantic royal gramma W. Atlantic royal dottyback Pseudochromis paccagnellae

  42. Priacanthidae ~18 sp. bigeyes Priacanthus hamrur Red Sea piscivorous nocturnal tropical Atlantic/Indo-Pacific

  43. Nandidae ~10 sp leaffishes FW SA Africa Asia

  44. Mullidae ~62 sp. goatfish blue-spotted goatfish Upeneichthys vlamingii 2 hyoid barbels Atlantic/Indo-Pacific yellowfin goatfish Mulloidichthys vanicolensis

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