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Agenda

Agenda. Character representation ASCII EBCDIC Numerical Conversions Between Upper & Lower Case Characters From Upper Case Character to Control Character. Character Representation.

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Agenda

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  1. Agenda • Character representation • ASCII • EBCDIC • Numerical Conversions • Between Upper & Lower Case Characters • From Upper Case Character to Control Character

  2. Character Representation • Since computers are only designed to interpret binary data, textual information must somehow be converted to binary. • In other words, a binary number is associated with each possible character

  3. Character Representation There are two commonly recognized standards for data formats: • EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) • ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

  4. EBCDIC Characteristics: • Used on IBM mini and mainframe computers • 8 bit binary code associated with each character

  5. ASCII Characteristics: • Used on most “other” computers. System designed from a variety of computer manufacturers • 7 bit code associated with each character • Also, an 8 bit code used to provide an additional 128 characters (additional character set - printable & nonprintable characters)

  6. ASCII & EBCDIC Tables • We can represent various representation of characters by either standard by referring to tables. • Note that tables are organized as hexadecimal numbers for reference • Check my website for ASCII and EBCDIC Tables

  7. Numerical Conversions (ASCII) • To convert uppercase character to lowercase character: • add 2016to uppercase characteror • add 3210 to uppercase character • To convert uppercase character to lowercase character: • subtract 2016to lowercase characteror • subtract 3210 to lowercase character

  8. Uppercase Letter to Control Character • To convert uppercase character to corresponding control character • add 4016to uppercase characteror • add 6410 to uppercase character

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