British History (1550-1650)

1. British History(1550-1650) By Jessica Bender Info by Grace Bellino and Rachel Jurina

2. British Rulers • After Henry VII died, the English throne traded hands frequently but the two who had an impact on the English people: • His eldest daughter Mary came back from Spain to rule briefly. • Was Catholic and persecuted many Protestants trying to convert them back to Catholicism. • His younger daughter Elizabeth took over a few years later and had a long well remembered rule. • The rule of Queen Elizabeth I: •  Caused problems between England trying to join Scotland and Ireland together • Established the Royal Exchange, a huge successful trading complex. • Handled a conflict/war with Spain • She commissioned a voyage to the Americas and angered the Spanish. • Spain kept attempting and threatening to invade England and the Spanish monarchy sent a whole armada to destroy the English navy, but ended up wrecking their entire fleet in war and on the coasts of Ireland and Scotland.

3. Rulers Henry VIII and his daughter Queen Elizabeth I

4. British Rulers con. • Signed a charter with the British East India Company in order to better trade with East Asia and the Indies and thereby boost the economy. • Was a patron of the arts and showed favored to Shakespeare’s plays. • Considered one of the greatest monarchs in English History. • The rule of James I • James the IV of Scotland took the throne at Elizabeth’s death changing his name to James I of England. • He finally put an end to the threat of Spain, signing a treaty with them. • Continued laws that penalized the Catholics in the country causing the Gunpowder plot. • The rule of Charles I • He took over when James I died. • Was angered when parliament condemned him for his religious and political policies and disbanded parliament, ruling on his own. • Scotland was rioting and he was forced to remake a parliament to help raise funds to fight, just as the English Civil War broke out. • Soon after, Charles I surrenders his position and is executed, starting a new age in English History.

5. Rulers King James I and King Charles I

6. Important Events • 1551 - Forty-two Articles of religion is published • 1553 - Lady Jane Grey proclaimed queen of England; Restoration of Roman Catholic bishops • 1554 - Execution of Lady Jane Grey • 1555 - England returns to Roman Catholicism: Protestants are persecuted and about 300, including Cranmer, are burned at the stake  • 1558 - Elizabeth I becomes Queen • 1563 - The Thirty-nine Articles, which complete establishment of the Anglican church • 1584 - Conspiracy against Elizabeth I • 1600 - Elizabeth I grants charter to East India Company • 1603 - Elizabeth dies; James I becomes king • 1605 - Gunpowder Plot. • 1618 - Thirty Years' War begins • 1629 - Charles I dissolves Parliament and rules personally until 1640 • 1641 - 30,000 Protestants massacred • 1642 - Civil War • 1646 - Charles I surrenders to the Scots • 1649 - Charles I is tried and executed • 1650 - Charles II lands in Scotland; is proclaimed king.

7. Gunpowder plot 30,000 protestants killed Civil war

8. What were people worried about? • The Gunpowder plot: • A plan created by a group of English Catholics to blow up the parliamentary building killing the high lords there. • The plot was discovered before the gunpowder could be blown up and Guy Fawkes, a main conspirator, and many others were executed for treason. • Caused much worry in the people of England because of the strained religious and political atmospheres.

9. Bibliography • http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/launch_tl_british.shtml • http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/launch_tl_british.shtml