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1. National Industrial Recovery Act/ National Recovery Administration By Katalina Bock and Diana Kuttner
2. Description Passed June 16, 1933
Part of FDR's First 100 Days Program
Designed to stimulate recovery or both business and labor
Hoped to put people back to work
Foster fair competition
3. Description Cont. Guaranteed laborers a right to collective bargaining
Combat widespread unemployment
Employees given right to organize
Daring measure
Centerpiece to reverse economic collapse of the GD
Was to remain in effect for 2 years
4. Organization Title One:
GOALS: eliminate unfair competitive practices, increase consumption of industrial and agricultural products, improve standards of labor to increase employment
ACTIONS: codes of fair competition, lower prices and profits, established production quotas
Title Two:
GOALS: construction of public works
ACTIONS: established Public Works Administration (PWA), outlined the projects and funding opportunities, oversaw enormous number of public works projects (including schools, hospitals, post offices, bridges, waste treatment plants, etc)
5. NRA NIRA created National Recovery Administration (NRA)
oversee the drafting and implementation of the codes of fair competition
Modeled after War Industries Board
General Hugh S. Johnson chosen leader
6. NRA Cont. Initially received enthusiastic public support
Worked with businesses to establish mandated codes
President then approved codes -> increased executive powers
Codes exempt from antitrust laws
Codes neither fostered monopolies nor discriminated against small business
7. Role of Government Several hundred industry codes rapidly enacted
Public support soon diminished
Codes increased efficiency and employment
Wages and hours improved
Prevented price cuts and unfair competition
Encouraged collective bargaining
8. Raised prices and limited production
Laborers unhappy - codes favored employers
Role of gov't greatly increased
Executive powers enlarged
Act had no mechanisms for handling problems such as the significant rise in labor unrest
Role of Government Cont.
9. Effectiveness Did not last long enough to fully implement its policies
US Supreme Court invalidated it before trial time up
Improperly delegated legislative powers to the executive
Provisions did not constitute a regulation of interstate commerce
Ruled unconstitutional 3 weeks before time out on May 27, 1935
Poorly administered, prices were raised, lacked support from business community
10. Wagner Act(National Labor Relation Act) By Katalina Bock and Diana Kuttner
11. Description Created by congress to protect workers' right to unionization
Employees right to self organize, choose their own representative, and bargain collectively
Applied to employers involved in interstate commerce
12. National Labor Relations Board Created to enforce the National Labor Relations Act
Regulated power between labor and managment
Oversee union certification, arranged meetings with unions and employers and investigated violations of the law
13. Role of Government Greatly expanded the governments power to intervene in labor relations between employers and employees
Caused no increase in federal spending
Eliminated workers getting fired due to their involvement in unions, therefore it allowed people to receive jobs back/ keep their positions
14. Effectiveness Milestone of the US labor movement
Constitutionality was questioned, but the Supreme Court upheld the act in the Jones & Laughlin Steel case, and it still exists today
Contributed to a dramatic surge in union membership and made labor a force to be reckoned with both politically and economically
Women benefitted from this act