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Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical and Chemical Properties. By: Blake , Aidan, Jaisean, and Danielle. Physical Properties. Physical properties are properties that can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being observed. . Melting Point .

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Physical and Chemical Properties

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  1. Physical and Chemical Properties By: Blake, Aidan, Jaisean, and Danielle

  2. Physical Properties • Physical properties are properties that can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being observed.

  3. Melting Point • An objects melting point is when it can change from a solid to a liquid. • A pure substances melting point won’t change under constant conditions. • Therefor a pure substances melting point can be used as a physical property for identification.

  4. Boiling Point • The boiling pointof liquid is when it starts to boil. During this process a the substance changes from a liquid to a gas. • Boiling is when the liquid starts to form bubbles throughout, which grow larger, rise to the surface, and burst. • Boiling point is similar to melting point, as it doesn’t change for a substance during constant conditions and can be used as a physical property for identification.

  5. Density • Density is a property that describes the relationship between the mass of a material and its volume. • Substances that have a higher density contain more matter in a given volume. • The density of a substance will stay the same no matter the sample size, so it can be used as a physical property for identification.

  6. Color • Color can be used to help identify a substance and its properties. • Color alone can’t be used to identify a substance, but it can help, like in PH paper. • No color at all is also a physical property.

  7. Reacting with Oxygen • Reacting with oxygen is a chemical property that allows substances to burn. Burning is when a substance reacts quickly with the oxygen in the air. • Rusting iron and apples turning brown are also examples of reacting with oxygen.

  8. Chemical Properties • Chemical Properties can also be used to help identify a substance. • Chemical properties can only be recognized when a substance is reacting with another substance or not reacting at all. • A substance’s chemical properties usually involves it’s ability to react with other substances.

  9. Reacting with Acids • Reacting with acidsis also a chemical property. Some metals react with acid to form compounds. • Not all metals react with acids. Bases react with acid to neutralize and form water.

  10. Color Change • Color change is when a substance changes color. It indicates that the chemical composition of the substance may have changed. • For example, when marshmallows turn black when burned. • It is also possible to have color change without chemical change. • For Example, adding food coloring to water

  11. Temperature Change • Temperature changeis when a substance is combined with another substance, and there may be an increase or decrease in temperature. • for example, when wood burns to gas and ashes, the temperature increases. • It is possible to have temperature change without chemical change.

  12. Formation of a Precipitate • When two solutions are combined, they may form a solid substance, called a precipitate, and indicates that a chemical change has occurred. • For example when carbon dioxide is combined with aqueous calcium hydroxide (limewater), solid calcium carbonate (chalk) is formed as the precipitate. • Theprecipitate may be in small particles, making it appear cloudy in the solution, or as a solid which settles at the bottom of the container.

  13. Formation of a Gas • Formation of gasis when solid or liquid substances are combined, and may for m gas bubbles. • The formation of the gas may indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred. • For example, when vinegar is added to baking soda, carbon dioxide bubbles form. • Gas could also form without chemical change.

  14. Physical Changes • Physical changesdo not change the composition of a substance, only the physical properties.

  15. Change In State Of Matter • When a substance changes from one state of matter to another, the composition of the substance remains the same. • Examples of change in state might include: melting of ice cream, hardening of melted wax, or evaporating of water from wet clothes. • When a substance changes directly from a gas to a solid or from a solid to a gas that change of state is called sublimation. This is still a physical change because the composition of the substance remains the same.

  16. Change in size or shape • When a substance changes in size or shape (for example, cutting, tearing, dissolving, stretching, or wrinkling), its composition remains the same. • Examples of change in size or shape might include: shredding paper, dissolving sugar in water, stretching a rubber band, wadding up a piece of paper, or denting a piece of metal.

  17. Chemical changes • Chemical changes result in the formation of one or more new substances with new chemical and physical properties.

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