The Effect of Electronic Resources on Space Considerations

1. The Effect of Electronic Resources on Space Considerations Lynn Silipigni Connaway, Ph.D. Consulting Research Scientist Office of Research

2. The Times They Are a-Changin’ Come gather 'round people wherever you roam And admit that the waters around you have grown And accept it that soon you'll be drenched to the bone. If your time to you is worth savin‘ Then you better start swimmin‘ Or you'll sink like a stone For the times they are a-changin'. “The Times They Are a-Changin’,” by Bob Dylan

3. Information Use • 5 billion gigabytes data generated in 2002 • Equals 800 megabytes per person • Fill 500,000 Library of Congresses • 92% of information was stored on magnetic media (hard drives) • Each year between 1999-2002 amount of data • Magnetically stored increased 80% • Physically stored increased 43% • Content accessed on computer is often printed • Americans consume 11,916 sheets of paper/year • Europeans consume 7,280 sheets of paper/year *“Stored Data Doubles in Three Years,” by Grant Gross, IDG News Service, October 28, 2003, http://www.nwfusion.com/news/2003/1028amounofda.html#related.

4. Information Use • 80% of adult Internet users (93 million Americans) searched for at least one health topic online • Women are primary users of health information • Looking for health or medical information is one of most popular activities online, after • Email (93%) • Researching a product or service (83%) “Internet Health Resources,” by Pew Internet & American Life, July 16, 2003, http://www.pewinternet.org/

5. Information Use • Online health seekers report • Health information and services improve • Online groups and email provide support network • Relationships with doctors change • Desire for access to more information • Difficulty finding and retrieving available online information “Internet Health Resources,” by Pew Internet & American Life, July 16, 2003, http://www.pewinternet.org/

6. Information Use • Bryn Mawr, Haverford, and Swarthmore Colleges • Collections • Approximately 75% of items circulated < 1 time in 10 years • About 40% of items overlap • About 50% of overlapping items not circulated in 11 years • Students and faculty • Shelf browse for discovery, evaluation, and selection • Use shared collections • Faculty • Value local ownership of materials • Concerned about effects of weeding on research • Space saving from electronic materials • Greatest for sciences • Humanities more book-oriented "Library Buildings and the Building of a Collaborative Research Collection at the Tri-Colleges," by Judy Luther, Linda Bills, Amy McColl, Norm Medeiros, Amy Morrison, Eric Pumroy, and Peggy Seiden, April 2003.

7. Information Use • Scientists and business faculty • Early adopters of e-journals • Read from variety of full-text databases and e-journals • Use many sources to get articles • Social scientists and humanists • Use both electronic resources and print • Rely more on books than other fields “Use and Users of Electronic Library Resources: An Overview and Analysis of Recent Research Studies,” by Carol Tenopir, with the assistance of Brenda Hitchcock and Ashley Pillow, August 2003, http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub120abst.html.

8. Information Use • Graduate students are heavy and cyclical users of electronic journals for research • Faculty and professionals • Use e-journals if they are convenient and support their natural work patterns • Consider peer-reviewed journals to be core to researcher's work regardless of convenience “Use and Users of Electronic Library Resources: An Overview and Analysis of Recent Research Studies,” by Carol Tenopir, with the assistance of Brenda Hitchcock and Ashley Pillow, August 2003, http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub120abst.html.

9. Information Use • Print • Still used for some reading • Part of research in almost every discipline • Considered important in humanities • Remains most popular medium for books • E-book use is in very early stages • E-journal users • Most print articles • PDF is popular “Use and Users of Electronic Library Resources: An Overview and Analysis of Recent Research Studies,” by Carol Tenopir, with the assistance of Brenda Hitchcock and Ashley Pillow, August 2003, http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub120abst.html.

10. Information Use

11. Information Use

12. Publishers • Electronic books (E-books) • Need business models that will sustain viability • Uncertainties surround the e-book concept and its adoption within libraries • Potential impact on print revenues • Simultaneous release of titles in both electronic and print formats requires resource planning • Conversion costs are barrier to more predictable, higher volume content flows

13. Publishers • E-books • Sales predictability important to determine • Resource allocations • Front-list availability • Quantity • Internet has significantly increased the potential for content exposure and inappropriate use • Must provide for • Fair use • Fair monetary return for use

14. Librarians • Institutional repositories • Scholarly communications • Records management • Student work • Course materials • Faculty teaching portfolios • Student work portfolios • Learning management systems • Digital stewardship • Create or acquire • Make available • Authenticate • Preserve integrity • Archives for personal digital libraries

15. Librarians • Collections • Acquire • Assess • Unique/last copy • Gap/overlap • Maintain • Preserve • Warehouse • Electronic resources • Fill gaps • Missing items • Out-of-print items • Save space • Preferable to remote storage • Convenient

16. Life-Cycle Cost Estimates “Life Cycle Costs of Library Collections: Creation of Effective Performance and Cost Metrics for Library Resources,” by Stephen R. Lawrence, Lynn Silipigni Connaway, and Keith Brigham. College & Research Libraries, 62:6 (November 2001): 541-553.

17. Users Want It All • LibQUAL results • Electronic access to resources • Some resources in print • In-person assistance and training • Knowledgeable staff • Comprehensive learning platform • “Comfortable and inviting” space • Work • Home • Social

18. Librarians Try to Provide It All • Implications • Budget reductions impact • Library collections now and in future • Services provided • Increased costs • Highly skilled and knowledgeable staff • Maintaining physical and electronic collections • Reallocation of space

19. It’s not either/or. It’s AND! Challenge is to provide best of both worlds

20. Questions and Discussionconnawal@oclc.org