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Building an OpenNSPECT Database for Your Watershed. Shan Burkhalter and Dave Eslinger National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office for Coastal Management. Agenda Today’s Goals: Acquire all of the data you need to run OpenNSPECT for your study area
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Building an OpenNSPECT Database for Your Watershed Shan Burkhalter and Dave Eslinger National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office for Coastal Management
Agenda Today’s Goals: Acquire all of the data you need to run OpenNSPECT for your study area Process it using MapWindow GIS and the OpenNSPECT tool Perform a successful test
Outline Overview • OpenNSPECT • Data requirements • Processing considerations Acquire Data • Elevation • Land cover • Precipitation • R-factor • Soils Process Data • Clip data to project boundary • Generate OpenNSPECT parameters from input data Run OpenNSPECT Conclusion
OpenNSPECT • Free, open-source, GIS-based nonpoint source pollution and erosion comparison tool • Used to estimate water quality impacts of various land use scenarios within a watershed • Built on established models that predict • Runoff • Pollutants • Erosion
Data Requirements National sources • Topography • Land cover • Precipitation • Soils • Rainfall erosivity
Processing Considerations • Study area Hydrologic Unit Codes Derive from elevation model • Raster resolution Typical raster resolutions for nationally available data: 30-meter land cover 30-meter and 10-meter elevation Four-kilometer and 800-meter precipitation and R-Factor To a lesser extent, three-meter land cover and elevation data
Processing Considerations • Naming conventions (data type, location) • floatn38w123.flt • CA_2010_land_cover.img • PRISM_ppt_30yr_normal_4kmM2_annual_bil.bil • R-Factor_CONUS.tif • soilmu_a_ca637.shp • Data units • X,Y units feet or meters • Z units Elevation – feet or meters Precipitation – millimeters, centimeters, or inches
Processing Considerations • Data coordinate system • Geographic • Projected • Soils database ‒ editing Missing data values • Precipitation • Raining days (RUSLE) • Rainfall type (MUSLE)
Processing Considerations Now is a good time to organize folders • In your project directory, create a RawData folder • Elevation • TIFF • LandCover • Precip • Inches • R-Factor • Soils
Acquire Elevation Data National Elevation Dataset • Available from the U.S. Geological Survey National Map Viewer • Derives: ‒ Basin • Watersheds • Streams • Slope • Other flow dynamics • Delivered as 1, 1/3, and 1/9 arc second tiles
Acquire Elevation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire elevation data viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer • Review the elevation data • Floating point (.flt) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw elevation file • Confirm the data are a valid coordinate system • Convert to a GeoTiff • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Shan.Burkhalter@noaa.gov Shan.Burkhalter@noaa.gov
Acquire Elevation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire elevation data viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer • Review the elevation data • Floating point (.flt) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw elevation file • Confirm the data are a valid coordinate system • Convert to a GeoTiff • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Acquire Land Cover Data Land Cover • Foundation for runoff quantity, sediment yield, pollutant yield Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) • Coastal zone of the U.S. • Available from the NOAA Digital Coast • 30 meter, 2.5 meter for limited areas • Delivered by state or specified area National Land Cover Database • Available from the U.S. Geological Survey National Map Viewer • 30 meter • Delivered as 1 arc second tiles
Acquire Land Cover Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire land cover data at coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review the land cover data, which should contain: • ERDAS Imagine (.img) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw land cover file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Acquire Land Cover Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire land cover data at coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review the land cover data, which should contain: • ERDAS Imagine (.img) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw land cover file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Acquire Precipitation Data Rainfall data • Provides the runoff component • Can be derived from weather station data • PRISM* Climate Group at Oregon State University * Created using the Parameter‒Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model climate-mapping system
Acquire Precipitation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire precipitation data www.prism.oregonstate.edu • Review data in the precipitation archive • Band Interleaved by Line (.bil) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw precipitation file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Convert the Z values from millimeters to inches • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Acquire Precipitation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire precipitation data www.prism.oregonstate.edu • Review data in the precipitation archive • Band Interleaved by Line (.bil) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw precipitation file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Convert the Z values from millimeters to inches • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Acquire Rainfall Factor (R-Factor) Data Rainfall-Runoff Erosivity Factor (R-Factor) • Quantifies the effects of raindrop impacts and reflects the amount and rate of runoff associated with the rain • One of the parameters used by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation to estimate annual rates of erosion • Used when including erosion prediction in OpenNSPECTanalysis • Can be input as a raster file or a constant value
Acquire R-Factor Data • Locate and acquire R-Factor for your study area coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review R-Factor data • GeoTIFF (.tif) raster format • Metadata • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Acquire R-Factor Data • Locate and acquire R-Factor for your study area coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review R-Factor data • GeoTIFF (.tif) raster format • Metadata • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file
Acquire and Process Soils Data Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database • County-level soil data • U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service Soil data parameters are used to estimate sediment loads • Hydrologic soils group (measure of permeability) • K-factor (measure of erodibility)
Acquire and Process Soils Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire soils data - WebSoilSurvey • Review the soils data • Extract relevant attributes from the database • Create a soil attribute spreadsheet and modify or fill in any values necessary • Join soils attributes to the spatial data • Export the joined spatial database to a new shapefile • If your study area fall within more than one county, merge the shapefiles • Reproject and clip the soils layer to your study area boundary
Acquire and Process Soils Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire soils data - WebSoilSurvey • Review the soils data • Extract relevant attributes from the database • Create a soil attribute spreadsheet and modify or fill in any values necessary • Join soils attributes to the spatial data • Export the joined spatial database to a new shapefile • If your study area fall within more than one county, merge the shapefiles • Reproject and clip the soils layer to your study area boundary
websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/WebSoilSurvey.aspx Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire soils data • Review the soils data • Extract relevant attributes from the database • Create a soil attribute spreadsheet and modify or fill in any values necessary • Join soils attributes to the spatial data • Export the joined spatial database to a new shapefile • If your study area fall within more than one county, merge the shapefiles • Reproject and clip the soils layer to your watershed boundary
Study Area Boundary Can be derived from USGS HUC or elevation data USGS HUCs: • Download the 12-digit hydrologic units for your region at ftp://ftp.csc.noaa.gov/pub/crs/OpenNSPECT/SIMs/HUC12 • Select watersheds that intersect with your study area • Export selected polygons • Reproject to your preferred projection