Do Now

1. Do Now Which battle, in your opinion, was most significant in the revolutionary war and WHY?!?

3. War’s End and Lasting Effects • 18th century standards – American Revolution was very radical • First time overseas colonists rejected the empire

4. British Invade the South • British expected Loyalist support in the South • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia • British made poor decisions

5. The British win early victories • Similar to the North – British won majority of battles in South • 1778 – Seized Savannah, Georgia • 1780 – Captured Charleston, South Carolina and 5,000 patriot soldiers • Spanish forces made key attacks on British forts in the Gulf Coast region • 1780 – Spanish captured a British fort in Mobile, Alabama • 1781 – Took a fort in Pensacola, Florida – capital in West Florida • Diverted British troops from Revolutionary War efforts

6. Patriots drive the British back • British failed to control the Southern countryside • October 1780 – Kings Mountain • South Carolina • Patriot armies devastated Loyalist militias – took prisoners • Neutral civilians swing support to Patriots • Early 1781 – Continental Army inflicted heavy losses to British at: • Battle of Cowpens in South Carolina • Battle of Guilford Courthouse in North Carolina • Changed momentum of the War • Cornwallis marched his troops to Yorktown into a trap

7. War Ends • Four factors contributed to the winning of the war • British made tactical mistakes – underestimated the Patriots • British misunderstood the political nature of conflict • Patriots were highly motivated and benefited from G. Washington • Patriots received assistance from France

8. Cornwallis Surrenders • Summer of 1781 – Washington marched his troops south • Washington wanted to trap the Redcoats at Yorktown, Virginia • Washington needed help from France • France’s navy blocked British navy from entering Chesapeake Bay • Cornwallis was trapped at Yorktown, Virginia

9. Treaty of Paris • Seven years of fighting – British public was fed up with casualties and tax • Treaty of Paris • Recognized American independence • Granted generous boundaries to the United States • Ben Franklin secured more territory than the Patriots had won • Relations with France became strained

10. Revolution Impacts Society - British abandon their allies • Loyalists & Slaves • British tried to protect their Loyalist allies • State laws and mob violence prevented Loyalists from returning home • Roughly 90,000, including 20,000 fugitive slaves, became refugees • Slaves became re-enslaved in West Indies

11. North American After the Treaty of Paris

12. Revolution Impacts Society - British abandon theirallies • Native Americans • Ignored by Treaty of Paris • Native Americans were forced to give up massive tracts of land • Revolution was a disaster to Indians

13. Revolution Impacts Women • Women gained few political/legal rights from war • Gained respect – seen as “republican mothers” • Republic needed virtuous citizens – learned from their mothers • Women looked to have more rights when creating new nation • Women could not vote or own property

14. Changes for African Americans • Slavery – inconsistent with ideals of the Revolution • Slavery was accepted as the “norm” • Some spoke out against slavery • Revolution – inspired slaves to demand freedom • Slaves joined in on the war effort • Revolution led to emancipation in North • Slavery was not needed for economy • Northern slave owners sold slaves to the South • Slaves – essential to planation economy • Manumission – voluntarily freeing of slaves • Southern whites feared freed blacks would seek revenge

15. Revolutionary Ideas Spread • “All men are created equal” – used by African Americans and women when fighting for equal rights • American Revolution inspired revolution in France and Latin America • 20th century – Africans and Asians began national liberation movement • American Revolution – changed the world