SKILLS TRAINING FOR INCREASING RURAL LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITY

1. SKILLS TRAINING FOR INCREASING RURAL LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITY Ashok Kumar Sinha Karma Consultants, New Delhi ashokmohit@gmail.com

2. WHY SKILLS… • Shift needed from USTAD and SAGIRD Concept • Generational shift of occupation… • Shift needed from Caste Based traditional occupation • to improve employability and livelihood opportunities, reduce poverty, enhance productivity, and promote environmentally sustainable development

3. GAPS… • Access to education & Training – computer without infrastructure • Absence of basic education – Low levels of educational achievement among Dalit children • Gender relation and traditional gender roles – women / girls - Gender discrimination and sexual harassment at working places • training systems tend to operate in isolation from the labour market and employers’ needs, so training does not always match skills demand • Inclusion dimension – Caste disparities, choice, poor knowledge & information on livelihood options, Poor productive asset holding among Dalit communities, Agriculture Labour… • Seasonal Migration – mismatch with expectation of Employer… • Financial Barriers – Self Employability (subsidy mindsets)

4. CHALLENGES… • Skills Training, emphasizing rapid immersion in computer skills, job readiness and spoken English for rural youth, women and minorities • Job placement services for this large pool of skilled and low-cost workers • Target Business – Number / Results – BPL Youth / Women • Sub Contract – candidate mobilization for skill training..

5. EVOLUTION OF GOVERNMENT LIVELIHOOD PROGRAMME… • Previous Government schemes - Integrated Rural Development Programme, Training for Rural Youth for Self-Employment, Development of Women and children in Rural Areas, Supply of Improved Toolkits to Rural Artisans, Ganga Kalyan Yojna, Million Wells Schemes • Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojna – 1999-2009 • National Rural Livelihood Mission…2010 onwards • Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Guaranteed Schemes…- scope of convergence

6. CONTINUE… • National Skill Development Corporation-NSDC is a first-of-its-kind Public Private Partnership (PPP) in India set up to facilitate the development and upgrading of the skills of the growing Indian workforce through skill training programs - to foster private sector and industry participation in skill training and development.

7. GOVERNMENT PROGRAMMES.. • The MoRD launched the Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) on 1st April, 1999 with a view to ensure inclusion of the rural poor in the growth of the nation. It aims to bring the assisted families above the poverty line by ensuring an appreciable sustained level of income over a period of time. • The Ministry of Tribal Affairs initiatives include working through the Non Governmental Organisations or Voluntary Organisations in providing professional coaching institutions for ST students to appear in Competitive Examinations

8. CONTINUE… • The KVIC conducts and facilitates training in numerous kinds of courses. These courses range from a couple of weeks to 2 years in duration. • The Ministry of Communications and Information Technology through its Human Resource Development Division is targeted to ensure availability of trained human resources for the manufacturing & service sectors of the electronics and IT industry.

9. CONTINUE… • NRLM – building the skills of the rural youth placement in relatively high wage employment in the growing sectors of economy – 13 states Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka & Tamilnadu • NRLM facilitate self-employment to the rural unemployment youth through short duration experiential learning programme followed by systematic long duration hand holding support

10. THE NSDC PROVIDES SERVICES FOR THE FOLLOWING SECTORS IN INDIA.. • Automobile / autocomponents, Electronics hardware, Textiles and garments, Leather and leather goods, Chemicals and pharmaceuticals, Gems and jewellery, Building and construction, Food processing, Handlooms and handicrafts, Building hardware and home furnishings, IT or software, ITES-BPO, Tourism, hospitality and travel, Transportation/ logistics/ warehousing and packaging, Organised retail, Real estate, Media, entertainment, broadcasting, content creation, animation, Healthcare, Banking/ insurance and finance, Education/ skill development, Unorganised sector

11. LIST AND CATEGORIZATION OF CENTRAL MINISTRIES AND DEPARTMENTS CURRENTLY INVOLVED IN SKILL DEVELOPMENT MINISTRIES WITH TRAINING CAPACITY • Ministry of Agriculture • Ministry of Communication and IT • Ministry of Health and Family Welfare • Ministry of Human Resource Development • Ministry of Labor and Employment • Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises • Ministry of Railways • Ministry of Road Transport and Highways • Ministry of Textiles • Ministry of Tourism

12. MINISTRIES WHICH FUND SKILL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH EXTERNAL TRAINING CAPACITY • Ministry of Commerce and Industry • Ministry of DoNER • Ministry of Minority Affairs • Ministry of Rural Development • Ministry of Food Processing Industries • Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment  • Ministry of Tribal Affairs • Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation  • Ministry of Woman and Child Development • Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports

13. http://www.skilldevelopment.gov.in/node/50

14. POTENTIAL INTERVENTION… • Skill Ladder (MGNREGA) - Enhance skills of women from workers to mates to gram rozgar sewaks to even data operators • Vikas Mitra – Technical Skill Training for management of entitlements • Sustainable Agriculture Promotion • Information Centre • Skill training on technical issues related to water, conservation, protection and management

15. SKILL TRAINING IN RURAL AREAS • Hand pump repair and maintenance – skill training • Bee Keeping – marketing linkages

16. AGRICULTURE… • Poultry Production, Fisheries/Fish Processing, Dairying, Sericulture, Apiculture, Floriculture, Plant Protection, Agricultural Chemicals, Inland Fisheries, Plantation Crops and Management, Seed Production Technology, Swine Production, Vegetable Seed production, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Industry, Sheep and Goat Husbandry, Repair and Maintenance of Power Driven Farm Machinery, Veterinary Pharmacist-cum-Artificial Insemination Assistant, Agro Based Food Industry (Animal based), Agro Based Food Industry (Crop based), Agro Based Food Industry (Feed based), Post Harvest Technology, Fish Seed Production, Fishing Technology, Horticulture, Soil Conservation, Crop Cultivation/ Production.

17. Thanks..