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Il Viaggio della Traduzione Firenze, giugno 2006

The Language of Film: some case studies Chris Taylor, Università di Trieste. Il Viaggio della Traduzione Firenze, giugno 2006. Points to cover. 1. The language of film 2. The translation of film language Dubbing Subtitling 3. Examples. Filmese?.

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Il Viaggio della Traduzione Firenze, giugno 2006

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  1. The Language of Film: some case studies Chris Taylor, Università di Trieste Il Viaggio della TraduzioneFirenze, giugno 2006

  2. Points to cover • 1. The language of film • 2. The translation of film language • Dubbing • Subtitling • 3. Examples

  3. Filmese? • Compare the language of film with a spoken corpus of English. • Bank of English

  4. Spoken language • Hesitation, repetition, filled pauses, false starts, etc. (Crystal) • Lower lexical density. Higher grammatical intricacy (Halliday) • Use of large number of prefabricated fillers, both interactive and planning (eg. so, well) (Brown & Yule) • Immediacy of context… is reflected in a high number of discourse markers (eg. well, right) (McCarthy)

  5. Examples chosen • NOW • WELL • RIGHT • SO • OK • YES

  6. As good as it gets • Words 21,161 • now 4 • well 31 • right 3 • yes 4 • OK 32 • so 39

  7. Realistic films - total • Words 995,746 • now 377 • well 1179 • right 260 • yes 238 • OK 670 • so 1032

  8. Bank of English • Words 1,000,000 circa • now 620 • well 2990 • right 3650 • yes 3830 • OK 1150 • so 4800

  9. Comparison realistic/corpus

  10. Tag questions - corpus (IT) • Isn’t it: 353 • Hasn’t it: 20 • Doesn’t it: 56 • Won’t it: 8 • Wouldn’t it: 14 • Didn’t it: 14

  11. Tags totals compared • Total tag questions in Films • 488 • Total tag questions in Corpus • 1,194

  12. Findings • The findings reflect the written nature of the script. • If we look at the transcription of what is actually said on screen…

  13. Communicating community context • ‘context of situation’, which partially reflects and partially constructs the functioning of language in conversation; • In the case of film the CCC is ‘a group of actors being directed to play a scene in an artificially produced situation (APS).

  14. APS – original film • The actor’s knowledge of the world (time, place, tradition, culture, etc.) in the form of sets of schemata/mental models/scripts, etc. is harnessed to an imaginary character’s gnostology.

  15. Actor’s gift • Could the great actor’s gift (or acquired skill) be that of constructing and reconstructing schemata to the point of making an APS seem real?

  16. Philadelphia – script (CHANDRA) • You want to apply the foundation • as evenly as you can, Andy. You • don't want to look like you've • thrown it on with a spoon.  (ANDREW) • Uh huh. (CHANDRA)HANDRA • Okay. You try.

  17. Philadelphia • video

  18. Philadelphia - film (CHANDRA) • Okay, now, you gonna wanna apply the foundation as evenly as you can Andy, okay? ‘Cos you don’t want to look like you’ve thrown it on with a spoon, Okay? So, okay, you try it.

  19. Philadelphia Italian • video

  20. Philadelphia - Italian • Il fondotinta va applicato il più uniformemente possibile. Perché non sembri che te lo sei spalmato con un cucchiaio.

  21. Philadelphia 2 - script Chandra and Bruno are waiting with Andrew They exchange quick hugs with Miguel and Andrew, ad libbing greetings andgoodbyes.

  22. Philadelphia 2 – film • It’s allright. • (CHANDRA) Okay, I’m getting out of here, right? (to Andy)Take it easy, right?

  23. Philadelphia 2 Italian • Va tutto bene. • Alloraio me ne vado.

  24. Philadelphia - RIGHT • RIGHT • script 7 film 7 • Italian 3 – “allora”

  25. Philadelphia - NOW • NOW script 5 film 6 • Italian 0

  26. Philadelphia - WELL • WELL script 2 film 14 Italian 1 “beh”

  27. Philadelphia - OKAY • OKAY script 22 film 32 Italian 4 2 translate OK in English 2 are added in Italian

  28. Dubbing • Series of constraints: • Lip synchronisation • Supralinguistic elements • Timing • Coordination with visual (multimodal text)

  29. Dubbing Viaggio “the least studied of all the branches of Translation”.

  30. Horse Feathers • video

  31. Horse Feathers Italian • video

  32. Subtitling • Series of constraints Script (transcription) > translation >adaptation > composition

  33. Diagonal translation

  34. Subtitles/spontaneous speech • Prepared not prepared • Written spoken • Additive original • Synchronous extempore • Transient ongoing • Polysemiotic multimodal

  35. Technical constraints • background • dimensions (width, height, no. of characters) • no. of lines • timing (reading speed) • spotting (in cue/out cue) • gaps • segmentation

  36. Bundaberg Beer • video

  37. Notting Hill • video

  38. Other methods of screen translation • Voice-over; • Simultaneous interpreting; • Subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing; • Audio description.

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